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VOCAB PROJECT
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Heredity | the passing on of traits or characteristics from a parent to its offspring |
| Trait | A quality that belongs to a certain person. |
| Purebred | when two animals with the same traits sexually reproduce, the offspring is considered to be Purebred. |
| Hybrid | when two animals sexually reproduce (and they both have different traits), the offspring is considered to be a hybrid. |
| Offspring | the product of the reproductive process of an animal, or A child. |
| Gene | DNA, heredity |
| Alleles | a certain gene belonging to an organism |
| Dominant | a gene that is shown physically in an organism |
| Recessive | a gene that is hidden and cannot be shown on an organism |
| Phenotype | characteristics of a certain organism |
| Genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism |
| Homozygous | when an organism has two of the same allele/gene. |
| Codominance | when a pair of genes is neither dominant nor recessive |
| Meiosis | the cell division to create sex cells |
| Haploid Cells | A cell that is the result of meiosis and has half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. |
| Diploid Cells | A cell that is the result of mitosis and has the same number of chromosomes as the original cell. |
| Mutations | a change in a gene/chromosome |
| Insertion | going into |
| Deletion | to lose/take away |
| Subsitution | to replace |
| Sex-Linked Gene | genes that are carried by the sex chromosome carrier |
| Sex Chromosome | a chromosome that determines the sex of an organism |
| Genetic Disorder | a medical disorder caused by abnormality in DNA |
| Pedigree | a purebred animal |
| Selective Breeding | when humans selectively chose the phenotypes of an animal by choosing the two parents |
| Inbreeding | a breed closely related to people or animals |
| Clone | an organism that is produced asexually and is identical to its parent/maker |
| Genetic Engineering | the modification of characteristics in a organism |
| Gene Therapy | changing defective genes and replacing them with normal ones to correct gene disorders |
| Respiration | where cells obtain energy from glucose |
| Fermentation | the chemical breakdown of a substance or bacteria |
| Cell Cycle | events in a cell as it grows |
| Chromosomes | a structure of nucleic acids and proteins that carry genetic information |
| Animal Cell | a eukaryotic cell containing a membrane surrounding the nucleus and the cell itself |
| Plant Cell | a eukaryotic cell containing a membrane and cell wall around the cell itself; it also has several different organelles than the animal cell. |
| Thymine | one of the four nucleobases in DNA |
| Adinine | a Nucleobase with a variety of roles like cellular respiration. |
| Heterozygous | when an organism has two different alleles. |
Created by:
sarah.griffin
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