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bio-101-exam 2
exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Photosynthesis takes in ________ molecules and coverts to____? | organic fuel and energy |
| red light alone vs. red light together | alone promotes little photosynthesis and together they are more effective they create more photosynthesis. |
| where does the cyclic phosphorylation occur? | In the chloroplast in the thylakoid membrane |
| why is noncylic phosphorylation important? | The NAPDH provides electrons to make sugars to make the most energy. |
| Adaptations of plants to conserve the H20, C02, and photons. | They shut the stoma to limit water loss by transportation. They have a limited time to build O2 and diminish C02. |
| membranes are (hydrophilic, hydrophobic) ? | They are both hydrophilic and hydrophobic. The heads are hydrophilic and the trails are hydrophobic. |
| Chemical composition of an enzyme? | They are mostly protein but not all protein. There is a case of sugar. |
| what is potential energy? | It is stored energy. |
| What are the 3 main types of cellular work? | Chemical, Mechanical, and Transport |
| Feedback inhibition? | They regulate metabolism |
| How does shape affect function? | Shape always determines function. |
| What are RNA ribozymes? | Sugar |
| Drugs, poisons, and pesticides on production of ATP? | They are irreversible inhibitors that bind to enzymes preventing metabolic reactions. Cyanide inhibits ATP production. |
| What is the purpose of trans membrane proteins? | They are a passageway |
| What composes cell surface marker? | Glyco lipids and glyco proteins |
| Phospholipids and bilayers | They are both hydrophilic and hydrophobic. Phospholipids form bilayers spontaneously. |
| Diffusion of CO2 and O2 | They are small and non polar. They are neutral. |
| Maintaining proper balance in a cell | sodium, potassium and calcium. |
| Isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic. | Isotonic is equal, hypertonic is more water on the outside and hypotonic is more water on the inside. |
| Transport of large molecules into the cell. | They are to big so they need to be broken down. They use vesicles for transport. (fuses with membrane and releases content) Exocytosis and endocytosis. |
| Receptor mediated endocytosis. | receives and picks what its pulling in. |
| Cellular respiration creates ________ for cells? | ATP |
| Use of O2 | Aerobically |
| without O2 | Anaerobically |
| Efficiency of ATP? | very EFFICIENT |
| Oxidation and reduction reactions. | Oxidized= LOSS OF AN ELECTRON reduced= gain of electrons |
| The purpose of NAD+ | Transport electrons down the chain |
| What is the final electron Acceptor? | OXYGEN |
| Where does Glycolysis take place ? | In the cytoplasm |
| Where does the citric acid cycle take place and how much ATP is produced? | In the mitochondria and small amount of ATP. |
| Glycolysis as an intermediate and its by product to reactants. | It occurs in the middle of the process. Its like a foundation. It becomes product of step 1 to become reactant to step 2 to become product end of step 2 to become reactant to step 3. Its by product is pyruvate |
| Why is the electron transport chain so effective? | It is more efficient |
| What is the by product of yeast and fermentation? | Carbon dioxide |
| What do plants split? | Water |
| Energy wavelengths and how much energy is generated | The longer the wave the less energy the shorter the way the more energy |
| Light intensisty | number of photons |
| Importance of pigments | Absorb low energy light from visible spectrum |
| p700 has_______ paths p600 has _______paths | p700 has 2 paths p600 has 1 path |
| Waste products of photosytems? | Photosystem 1 doesn't have a waste product photosytem 2 is oxygen |
| What enter the calvin cycle and what exits? | oxygen enters and glucose exits |
| coenzymes as transporters | |
| Stage 3 oxidation phosphorylation | The final stage involves gradient, hydrogen ions and osmosis |
| Active diffusion across gradient | molecules spreading out uses energy |
| Different proteins in lipid bilayers and what they do? | 50+ different proteins they attach the membrane to cytoskelton, junction between cells, used for identification purposes. |
| Enzymes as inhibitors | one will compete and the other will change there shape temp |
| enzyme and substrate | only affects the enzyme. high temps denature the enzyme. The slow at low temps. They are specific to substrate. if the sub doesn't fit the reaction wont occur. |
| energy activation starting chemical reactions | the minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction |
| What phosphorylation basically means? | adding phosphate to make energy |
| energy coupling | the use of an exergonic process to drive an endergonic one |
| Storage bonds of endergonic energy | covalent bonds |
| destruction by cfc's | more of a impact on global warming. |
| Why are cam plants different? | They shut there stoma at night to capture CO2 |
Created by:
lissanicole
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