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Unit 2 Vocabulary
This is a science vocab list
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Astronomy | the branch of science that deals with celestial objects, space, and the physical universe as a whole. |
| Geocentric | having or representing the earth as the center, as in former astronomical systems |
| Heliocentric | having or representing the sun as the center, as in the accepted astronomical model of the solar system. |
| Ellipse | a regular oval shape, traced by a point moving in a plane so that the sum of its distances from two other points (the foci) is constant, or resulting when a cone is cut by an oblique plane that does not intersect the base. |
| Astronomical Unit (AU) | a unit of measurement equal to 149.6 million kilometers, the mean distance from the center of the earth to the center of the sun. |
| Rotation | the action of rotating around an axis or center. |
| Revolution | an instance of revolving |
| Perihelion | the point in the orbit of a planet, asteroid, or comet at which it is closest to the sun. |
| Aphelion | the point in the orbit of a planet, asteroid, or comet at which it is furthest from the sun. |
| Phases of the moon | The lunar phase or phase of the moon is the shape of the illuminated (sunlit). |
| Solar eclipse | an eclipse in which the sun is obscured by the moon |
| Lunar eclipse | an eclipse in which the moon appears darkened as it passes into the earth's shadow |
| Terrestrial Planet | A terrestrial planet, telluric planet or rocky planet is a planet that is composed primarily of silicate rocks or metals |
| Jovian Planet | The word terrestrial comes from the Latin word terra that means land |
| Asteroid | a small rocky body orbiting the sun. Large numbers of these, ranging in size from nearly 600 miles (1,000 km) across (Ceres) to dust particles |
| Comet | a celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and dust and, when near the sun, a “tail” of gas and dust particles pointing away from the sun. |
| Meteoroid | a small body moving in the solar system that would become a meteor if it entered the earth's atmosphere. |
| Meteor | a small body of matter from outer space that enters the earth's atmosphere, becoming incandescent as a result of friction and appearing as a streak of light. |
| Metoerite | a meteor that survives its passage through the earth's atmosphere such that part of it strikes the ground. More than 90 percent of meteorites are of rock, while the remainder consist wholly or partly of iron and nickel. |
| Electromagnetic Spectrum | the range of wavelengths or frequencies over which electromagnetic radiation extends. |
| Photon | a particle representing a quantum of light or other electromagnetic radiation. A photon carries energy proportional to the radiation frequency but has zero rest mass. |
| Doppler effect | a particle representing a quantum of light or other electromagnetic radiation. A photon carries energy proportional to the radiation frequency but has zero rest mass. |
| Refracting telescope | a telescope that uses a converging lens to collect light. |
| Reflecting telescope | a telescope in which a mirror is used to collect and focus light. |
| Radio telescope | an instrument used to detect radio emissions from the sky, whether from natural celestial objects or from artificial satellites. |
| Hubble telescope | The Hubble Space Telescope is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 |
| Space schuttle | a rocket-launched spacecraft, able to land like an unpowered aircraft, used to make repeated journeys between the earth and earth orbit. |
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