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Unit 2
Earth's Surface
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| erosion | the process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another |
| deposition | the process in which material is laid down |
| gradient | steepness of a slope |
| load | materials carried by a stream |
| discharge | the amount of water that a stream carries in a given amount of time |
| channel | path that a stream follows |
| floodplain | an area along a river that forms from sediments deposited when the river overflows its banks |
| meanders | twisting, looping patterns in a stream |
| oxbow lake | a cut off meander may form this |
| delta | a mass of material deposited in a triangular or fan shape at the mouth of a river or stream |
| alluvial fan | a fan shaped mass of material deposited by a stream when the slope of land decreases sharply |
| groundwater | the water that is beneath Earth's surface |
| sinkhole | when the groundwater level of a cave decreases, the roof may no longer be supported; depression due to gravity occurs |
| shoreline | the boundary between land and a body of water |
| headlands | the first parts of the shoreline that the waves meet; pieces of land that project into the water |
| beach | an area of the shoreline that is made up of deposited sediment |
| sandbar | an underwater or exposed ridge of sand, gravel, or shell material |
| barrier island | a long ridge of sand or narrow island that lies parallel to the shore |
| dune | a mound of wind deposited sand that moves as a result of wind action |
| loess | thick deposits of windblown, fine grained sediment |
| glacier | large mass of moving ice |
| glacial drift | the rock material carried and deposited by glaciers |
| creep | the slow downhill movement of weathered rock material |
| rockfall | the rapid mass movement of rock down a steep slope or cliff |
| abrasion | the grinding and wearing down of rock surfaces by other rock or sand particles |
| deflation | the removal of fine sediment by wind |
| topography | the shape and size of the land features on Earth's surface |
| contour line | connects points of equal elevation |
| relief | the difference between the highest and lowest elevations in a particular area |
| contour interval | the difference in elevation between two contour lines |
| index contour | every 5th line; thicker contour line that often has an elevation label |
| scale | the relationship betwen the measurements on a model, map, or diagram and the actual measurement or distance |
| slope | measures the steepness from one point to another; rise over run |
| remote sensing | the process of gathering and analyzing information about an object without having physical contact with the object |
| global positioning system | network of satellites that orbit Earth to measure positions on Earth's surface |
| geographic information system | a program used to view and make images and maps |
Created by:
palmer_wwms
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