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ES EMAP Chapter 1

Earth Materials and Processes - Ch1 Minerals

TermDefinition
Mineral Any naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and crystalline structure.
Crystal Solid in which the atoms are arranged in an orderly, repeating pattern.
Magma Molten rock beneath earth's surface.
Silicate A mineral that contains silicon and oxygen.
Carbonate A mineral that contains carbon and oxygen.
Sulfate A mineral that contains sulfur and oxygen.
Sulfide A mineral that contains sulfur but no oxygen.
Native Element A mineral that appears as a pure substance in nature.
Oxide A mineral that contains oxygen, but not sulfur, carbon, or silicon.
Halide A mineral that contains a halogen.
Hardness A mineral's resistance to being scratched.
Color The way light reflects from a large "chunk" of mineral.
Streak The color of a powdered form of a mineral.
Specific Gravity The density of a mineral compared to the density of water.
Luster The way a mineral reflects light.
Fracture The breakage pattern in which irregular surfaces result.
Cleavage The breakage pattern in which flat surface(s) result.
Fredrich Mohs A 19th century scientist who developed a method to classify mineral hardness.
Inorganic Not made from a life process or from the remains of a once-living organism.
Organic Material resulting from a life process (contains carbon). Made from the remains of a once-living organism.
Created by: MrGross
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