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Biological Evidence

Chapter 13 7th grade science

QuestionAnswer
Which type of fossil forms through carbonization? fossil film
What is an example of a functional adaptation? A drop in body temperature during hibernation.
What is an example of a vestigial structure? Pelvic bones in a whale.
What is an example of a sudden change that could lead to the extinction of species? Volcano erupts.
What is the sequence by which natural selection works? Variation, adaptation, and selection
adaptation a characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.
species a group of organisms that can mate with one another to produce fertile offspring.
evolution the process by which populations accumulate inherited changes over time.
fossil solidified remains or imprints of a once-living organism.
fossil record fossils that provide a historical sequence of life
vestigial structure the remnant of a once-used anatomical structure.
trait a quality that can be passed on from 1 generation to another.
selective breeding breeding of organism that have certain traits.
natural selection process by which organisms with favorable traits survive and reproduce at a higher rate than organisms without the favorable trait.
generation time period between the birth of 1 generation of the next generation.
extinct a species of organism that has died out completely.
What are the 4 geological time eras? Precambrian time, paleozoic era, mesozoic era, and cenozoic era.
What are the four major parts of the geologic time scale? Eons, Eras, Periods, and epochs
What are the 3 ways you can compare organisms? skeletal structures, DNA, and the embryonic structures.
Who made observations that later became the foundations for his theory of evolution by natural selection? Charles Darwin
What are the 4 steps to Natural Selection? Over-production, Genetic Variation, Struggle to Survive, and Successful reproduction.
What are the 3 steps to the formation of a new species? Seperation, adaptation, and division
relative dating ordering fossils to estimate their age
absolute dating the method of measuring the ratio of unstable atoms (isotopes) to stable atoms, which help determine the approximate age of the fossil.
Geologic Time Scale The calendar scientists use to outline the history of life on earth.
Pangaea a single large landmass of the earth.
How old is our earth? 4.6 Billion Years old
What is your geologic time address? Phanerozoic, cenozoic, quaternary, and holocene
Naturalist Is a person who studies plants and animals by observing.
Variation Is a slight difference in an inherited trail of individual members of a species.
Camouflage Wants to blend in with its environment
Mimicry Wants to be seen, resemblance of one species to another species.
Comparative anatomy The study of similarities and differences among structures of living species.
Homologous structures Body parts of organisms that are similar in structure and position but different in function.
analogous structures Body parts that perform a similar function but differ through evolution.
vestigial structures body parts that have lost their original function through evolution.
embryology The science of the development of embryos from fertilization to birth.
When compared with other fossils, what structure indicates the ancestor of whales used to walk on land? Vestigial Pelvic bones
What causes variations to arise in a population? random mutation in genes.
What method can scientists use to determine when a fossil appeared on earth? relative-age dating
Created by: 1086150514742368
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