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Stack #201025
CVA quiz 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A state of neurological dysfunction due to an interruption of blood supply to a region of the brain. | CVA |
| Etiology | Atherosclerosis is a major cause of a stroke. |
| Name two types of risk factors. | Modifiable and non-modifiable |
| non-modifiable | Age, gender, race, family history, |
| modifiable | obesity, HTN, smoking, drinking, diet, activity |
| Patho processes: Interruption of blood supply to the brain = O2 deprivation of __ __= local ___ = infarction | brain cells, ischemia |
| TIA | temporary episode of focal neurological deficit |
| TIA commonly manifested by: | sudden loss of motor, sensory, visual or speech functioning. |
| How long does it normally last | Less than 24 hours |
| It may be caused by ____ that temporally block the ___ flow. | microemboli, cerebral |
| Ischemic strokes: | Thrombotic stroke, embolic stroke |
| ____ stroke is the most common type of stroke. | Thrombotic |
| It occurs from injury to a ____ ___ __ and formation of a ___ __ | Blood vessel wall; blood clot |
| Most common sit e for a Thrombotic stroke | Internal carotid |
| What are very small infarcts in the noncortical parts of the brain or brain stem. | Lacunar Infarcts |
| Lacunar infarcts result from occlusion of small branches of | Large cerebral arteries |
| In an embolic stroke most cerebral emboli originate | from a thrombus from the heart |
| The common cardiac conditions associated with emboli are: | Atrial fibrillation, MI, rheumatic heart disease, valvular prosthesis |
| Hemorrhagic stroke: | Intracerebral & subarachnoid hemorrhages |
| Is bleeding within the brain caused by a ruptured vessel | Intracerebral hemorrhage |
| Subarachnoid hemorrhage occurs when there is intracrainal bleeding in the subarachnoid space. commonly caused by | rupture of a cerebral aneurysm |
| common site for a cerebral aneurysm | circle of willis |
| S/S of ruptured cerebral aneurysm | Severe headache, nuchal rigidity, photophobia, and decreased LOC |
| complications of ruptured cerebral aneurysm | cerebral vasospasm; hydrocephalus |
| When do thrombotic strokes usually occur | at rest |
| the neurological deficits of a thrombotic stroke progress | gradually |
| What stroke may occur at any time with sudden onset and rapid progression | Embolic stroke |
| what stroke happens suddenly usually when person is active? | Hemorrhagic stroke |
| common S/S: stroke | 5 altered (LIMES) LOC, Intellectual function, Motor function, Elimination pattern, sensations |
| common s/s stroke continued: alterations in spatial perception | (HA HA DAD)Hemianopsia, agnosia, heminneglect, aphasia, dysphagia, apraxia, dysphasia |
| Hemianopsia | Loss of vision |
| Agnosia | is a loss of ability to recognize objects, persons, sounds, shapes, or smells while the specific sense is not defective |
| Heminneglect | A denial of one half of own body due to loss of proprioceptive interpretation |
| Aphasia | Loss of language comprehension, expression or both |
| Dysphasia | impairment or difficulty with use of language comprehension expression or both |
| Dysphagia | difficulty in swallowing |
| Apraxia | inability to perform learned movement despite having desire and physical ability to perform them |
| Assessment for a stroke includes | Neuro exam, CT, MRI, cerebral angiogram |
| tPa | tissue plasminogen activator |
| Drug therapy: Thrombolytic agent | May use tPA for ishemic strokes with less than 3 hour onset |
| antiplatelet agent and anticoagulation | ischemic CVA to prevent further clots |
| Nimodipine | treat cerebral vasospasm 2 to rupture cerebral aneurysm |
| Nimodipine alert | assess bp befor administration if pulse less than 60 or systolic < 90 hold med contact dr |
Created by:
jsande02
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