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Digestive System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| nutrient | a substance that can be used by the body to give materials for energy and for cell growth and repair |
| primary organ | organs that break down food as food passes through them, comes into contact with the food |
| secondary organ | pancreas,liver, gallbladder- secretes digestive juices,food does not travel through |
| mouth | begins to break down food into smaller pieces mechanically by chewing and chemically begins digesting carbohydrates |
| esophagus | the tube that carries food from mouth to stoamch |
| stomach | continues the process of mechanical digestion, and secretes gastric juices that continue the process of chemical digestion started in the mouth |
| small intestines | the organ where most of the chemical digestion of food takes place; nutrients from food are also absorbed into the bloodstream through this organ |
| large intestine | the organ where water from the undigested food is absorbed into the bloodstream; prepares the remaining undigested food for elimination from the body |
| rectum | a short tube that stores the solid waste until it is eliminated from the body |
| anus | opening where the solid waste is eliminated from the body |
| liver | produces bile, which is used by the body to break up fat, and it filters toxins from blood (secondary organ) |
| gallbladder | stores bile produced by the liver (secondary organ) |
| pancreas | produces digestive juices that help to further breakdown the food in the small intestine (secondary organ) |
| Mechanical digestion | the physical breakdown of food by teeth or muscle action. |
| Chemical digestion | the breakdown of food by body chemicals(enzymes, acids) |
| Enzyme | a type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body |
| 6 classes of nutrients | proteins,carbohydrates,fats,vitamins,minerals,water |
| carbohydrate | sugar and starch, main source of energy |
| protein | needed to make new cells and repair damaged cells |
| fats | needed to make cell membrane and to insulate the body and protect internal organs |
| sugars | found in candy jelly, table sugar fruits |
| starch | found in bread, potatoes, pasta, cereals |
| proteins | found in meat,eggs cheese, dried beans |
| organs food passes through in order | mouth,esophagus,stomach,small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus. |
| small intestine | longer than large intestine but smaller in diameter. |
| pancreas | produces insulin. If the pancreas is not working right, you may develop diabetes |
Created by:
science7th
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