Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
8 Sci Ch 1-3 Test 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| aftershock | A smaller earthquake that follows a more powerful earthquake in the same area |
| aluminum | Most common metal on Earth |
| amorphous rocks | rock without form; when magma cools very rapidly and no crystals form; have a smooth, glasslike texture |
| artesian well | is a well in which water flows to the surface naturally because it is under pressure |
| atom | basic unit of matter |
| basalt | the commonest type of solidified lava |
| basic | substance with a pH of 10 |
| bauxite | mineral used to make aluminum |
| bedrock | the solid layer of rock beneath the soil |
| brass | an alloy of copper and zinc |
| bullion | gold and silver in the form of bars |
| circum-Pacific belt | narrow belt bordering the Pacific ocean along which about 80% of the world's earthquakes occur |
| coal | sedimentary rock formed from decayed plant material; the world's most abundant fossil fuel |
| concretions | hard, round structures that form when minerals settle out of water and crystallize around a sand grain or other mineral fragment |
| conglomerate rock | rounded pebbles embedded in hardened sand or clay |
| crystal faces | smooth, flat surfaces with regular geometric outlines |
| crystals | particles arranged in repeating geometric patterns |
| decomposition | the process of rotting, breaking down, or disintegration |
| diamond | hardest substance |
| elastic rebound | tendency for deformed rock along a fault to spring back to its original shape after an earthquake |
| element | a pure substance made of only one kind of atom |
| emerald | a green transparent form of beryl |
| epicenter | the point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's starting point |
| evaporites | sedimentary rocks formed from minerals left after water evaporates |
| experimental group | the group exposed to the factor being tested |
| extinct volcano | A volcano that has not erupted for thousands of years and probably will not erupt again. |
| focus | The location within earth along a fault at which the first motion of an earthquake occurs |
| fold | bending or buckling of rocks under great pressure |
| formulate the hypothesis | 3rd step of the scientific method |
| granite | a usually light-colored igneous rock that is found in continental crust |
| humus | material formed from decaying leaves and other organic matter |
| igneous rock | rock formed by the solidification of molten magma |
| law | a therory that has never been proven false |
| limestone | the most abundant chemical sedimentary rock |
| loam | a rich soil consisting of a mixture of sand and clay and decaying organic materials |
| longwall | type of mining that used a rotating drum that travels down a long track while grinding coal |
| luster | The way in which a mineral reflects light |
| metamorphism | changing of one type of rock to another by heat,pressure, and chemical processes |
| mineralogy | the branch of geology that studies minerals: their structure and properties and the ways of distinguishing them |
| minerals | Inorganic crystalline substances found naturally in the earth. |
| ore | a mineral or rock that contains a useful substance that can be mined for profit |
| pedology | the study of soil |
| pyroclast | A rock fragment ejected into the air by a volcanic eruption |
| quartz | most common mineral in the earth's crust |
| metamorphic rock | A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions |
| native element | a mineral composed of only one element |
| obsidian | An igneous rock consisting of a solid mass of volcanic glass. |
| overburdening | upper layers of the ground left by strip mining |
| P waves | travels fastest, compressional waves, can travel through solids, liquids and gasses |
| pahoehoe | a hot, fast moving type of lava that hardens to form smooth, ropelike coils |
| phosphorescence | the process of emitting light for a short time after receiving energy from another source |
| phosphorus | nutrient that "firms up" a plant's fruit |
| platinum | a heavy precious metallic element more valuable than silver or gold |
| precious stones | the rarest, most durable and beautiful gems |
| richter scale | the scale used to measure the strength or magnitude of an earthquake (uses numbers from 1-10) |
| Ring of Fire | A major belt of volcanoes that rims the Pacific Ocean |
| S waves | a seismic wave that shakes particles perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling |
| sedimentary rock | A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together |
| seismograph | an instrument that records vibrations in the ground and determines the location and strength of an earthquake |
| shale | Most common sedimentary rock |
| silicates | most common mineral group |
| solid | state of matter of the earth's core |
| specific gravity | the density of a substance relative to the density of water |
| stainless steel | a metal alloy of steel, chromium, and sometimes nickel; noted for its ability to resist rust |
| steel | an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon |
| stratum | one layer of sedimentary rock. |
| streak test | the color of powder left when a mineral is rubbed against a hard, rough surface |
| tremor | a small earthquake |
| tsunamis | A giant wave caused by an earthquake on the ocean floor |
| weight | the vertical force exerted by a mass as a result of gravity |
Created by:
Mrs_CC
Popular Science sets