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angiosperms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is dominant in angiosperms? | Sporophyte |
| Where are they found? | Many environments |
| How large can they be? | 1mm-100m |
| How do most get food? | Autotrophic, some are parasites |
| Angiosperm in Greek means | Vessel seed |
| True parasite | Doder |
| Hemiparasitic | Mistletoe |
| Epiphytes | Air plants. Attaches to substrate such as another plant or a side of a building |
| Examples of an epiphyte | Spanish moss, cacti, ferns |
| What do we use angiosperms for? | Food, medicine, makeup, cotton, lumber |
| Wheat are angiosperms famous for? | Flowers |
| What are flowers? | Exclusive reproductive organs |
| What emsures pollination? | Color, texture, and nectar |
| How often do they shed leaves? | Deciduous, shed leaves in winter or during a drought |
| Herbaceous | Little to mnk woody tissue |
| Example of herbaceous | Peas |
| Example of woody | Apple tree |
| Annuals | Life cycle in one seasom |
| Annual example | Zinnia |
| Biennials | Life is completed in two growing seasons |
| Biennials example | Parsley |
| Perennials | Life is longer than two seasons |
| Perennial example | Tulips |
| Seed | Ripened ovule of a plant that contains an embryo houdsed in a protective coat and is nourished by stored food |
| Where is fruit from? | Plant ovary |
| What do fruits do? | House, protect, nourish, and aid in seed dissemination |
| Vegetables | Edible part derived from petioles, leaves, roots, stumps, or flowers |
| Examples of specific pollinators | Bees, hummingbirds, bats |
| Ovules | Encased within integumemt supplied by the parent plant |
| Diploid tissue around ovule | Integument |
| Double fertilization | Egg and double nutritive endosperm form |
| Tracheids and xylem | Possesses vessels that transports water |
| Dicots | Seed contains two cotyledons |
| Cotyledons | Seed leaf weigh nutrients to nourish embryo. |
| Monicotyledons | Contains a single cotyledon |
| What is the first evident leaf after germination? | Cotyledon |
| Magnoliophyta | Flowering plants |
| Anthophyta | Flowering plants |
| What are the two classes? | Dicotyledons and monocotyledons |
| Dicotyledones | Magnoliopsida |
| Monocotyledons | Liliopsida |
| What do new schemes do? | Divides angiosperms into basal dicots, eudicots, and monocots |
| Paleodicots | Basal dicots |
| Basal dicots | Wsyee lilies, avocado, and magnolias |
| What do monocotes and basal dicots have in common? | Monosulcste pollen |
| Monosulcate pollen | A linear thin, furrow-like groove (sulcas) on the surface of the grain and one pore |
| Eucotyledons | True dicots. Has tricolpate pollen |
| Tricolpate pollen | Has three long grooved apertures (pores) on the surface |
| Eudicot examples | Roses, oak trees, sunflowers, cabbage |
| Monocots evolved from | Dicots |
| Monocot examples | Cattails, corn, orchids, palms, and bananas |
| 4 basal dicots | Nymphaeales, Piperales, Laurales, Magnoliales |
| Nymphaeales | Aquatic plants with floating leaves. Water Lillies and lotus |
| Piperales | Shrubs, herbs, small trees, black pepper, vine pepper, and wild ginger |
| Laurales | Once placed with Magnolias. Sassafras, cinnamon, and avacado |
| Magnoliales | Best known. Magnolia, sweet bay, nutmeg, tulip trees |
| Many dicots are now considered | Eudicots |
| Consists of 1\4 of all living angiosperms | Monocots |
| Monocots diverged from | Basal dicots 90 million years ago |
| Monocots play a role in | Floral and horticultural industries |
| Inflorescence | Cluster of flowers |
| Largest unnranched inflorescence | Corpse flower |
| Who found the corpse flower | Odoardo Beccari |
| Largest bramnched inflorescence | Talipot palm |
| Largest flower | Corpse flower |
| Smallest flower | A type of duckweed |
| Peduncle/pedicels | Specialized stalk(s) |
| Flowers begin from a | Penduncle or pedicels |
| The penduncle forms the | Receptacle |
| Receptacle | Swollen region tjhsat contains other floral parts in whorls |
| Outermost whorl | Composed of leaf like green sepals |
| Sepals form | Calyx |
| Calyx | Protects flower while it develops in the bud |
| Petals form | The corolla |
| Calyx and corolla make up | The perianth |
| Male portion of flowers | Stamen |
| Stamen | Comsists of filament (stalk) and the saclike anther |
| Anther | Produces pollen |
| Stamens make up | Androecium |
| How do anthers release pollen.? | Splitting open (daisy) or released from pores on anther tip (azaleas) |
| Female portion | Pistil (carpel) which has sticky kmon called xtig!a at the top of a style which leads to the ovary |
| Hypogynous | Superior, calyx and corolla attached to receptacle at base of ovary |
| Epigynous | Inferior, calyx and corolla at top of ovary |
| Perigynous | Semi-inferior, calyx and corolla found on a cup shapesd structure surrounding the receptacle |
| Hypogynous example | Grape, honeysuckle, quince |
| Epigynous example | Blueberry, watermelon, pear |
| Perigynous example | Crape myrtle,cherry, Pyracantha |
| Ovary forms | Fruit |
| 1+ carpels | Main portion of ovary |
| Carpel (s) collectively known as | Gynoecium |
| Number of carpels | Number of divisions in the stigma (each section of a tomato) |
| Complete flowers | Possess sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils |
| Incomplete flowers | Lack one or more sepals, petals, stamens, or pistils |
| Perfect flower | Both sexes (stamen and pistil) |
| Imperfect flower | One sex |
| Staminate | Only stamens (male) |
| Pistillate | Only pistils (female) |
| Actinomorphic | Radially symmetrical. All petals are the same size |
| Actinomorphic example | Azaeleas, buttercups, roses |
| Zygomorphic | Bilaterally symmetrical. Two or more petal shapes |
| Zygomorphic example | Orchid, foxglove, snapdragon |
| Catkins (4 facts) | 1)Dutch for kitten 2)drooping slim inflorescence 3)lack petals or have petals that look like a kitten's tail 4)unisex flowers arranged around stem |
| Grasses | 1)Flowers are inflorescence 2)basal sheath encompasses the culm down to the node |
| culm | Grass stem |
| Node | Point of origin |
| Grass internodes | Hallow |
| Leaf blade grows | Away from culm |
| Ligule | Membranous scale found at junction of the basal sheath and leaf blade |
| Auricles | Tiny projections near the has of the leaf blade |
| Spikelet | Extension of penduncle, conmsisting of many small florets |
| Floret | External glume |
| Within the floret | One pistil, three stamens, the ovary , and the scale-like lodicule |
Created by:
maggiehinkston
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