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Science Vocab

Chapter 13

TermDefinition
Ecology The study of the interactions among living things and their surroundings
Community Collection of all the different populations that live in one area.
Ecosystem Collection of organisms and nonliving things, such as climate, soil, water, and rocks, in an area.
Biome Regional or global community of organisms characterized by the climate conditions and plant communities that thrive there.
Biotic Factors Living things, such as plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria.
Abiotic Factors Nonliving factor in an ecosystem, such as moisture, temperature, wind, sunlight, soil, and minerals.
Biodiversity Variety of life within an area.
Keystone Species Organism that has an unusual large affect on its ecosystem.
Producer Organism that obtains its energy from abiotic sources, such as sunlight or inorganic chemicals.
Autotroph Organism that obtains its energy from abiotic sources, such as sunlight or inorganic chemicals.
Consumer Organism that obtains its energy and nutrients by eating other organisms.
Heterotroph Organism that obtains its energy and nutrients by consuming other organisms.
Chemosynthesis Process by which ATP is synthesized by using chemicals as an energy source instead of light.
Food Chain Model that links organisms by their feeding relationships.
Herbivore Organism that eats only plants.
Carnivore Organism that eats only animals
Omnivore Organism that eats both plants and animals.
Detritivore Organism that eats dead organic matter.
Decomposer Detritivore that breaks down organic matter into simpler compounds, returning nutrients back into an ecosystem.
Specialist Consumer that eats only one type of organism.
Generalist Species that does not rely on one single source of prey.
Trophic Level Level of nourishment in a food chain.
Food Web Model that shows the complex network of feeding relationships within an ecosystem.
Hydrologic Cycle Pathway of water from the atmosphere to Earth's surface, below ground, and back.
Biogeochemical Cycle Movement of a chemical through the biological and geological, or living and nonliving, parts of an ecosystem.
Nitrogen Fixation Process by which certain types of bacteria convert gaseous nitrogen into nitrogen compounds.
Biomass Total dry mass of all organisms in a given area.
Energy Pyramid Diagram that compares energy used by producers, primary consumers, and other trophic levels.
Created by: 58knasims
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