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CDE Exam
Diabetes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What impacts Fasting Blood Glucose? | 1. Hepatic glucose output 2. Basal insulin 3. Fasting glucagon |
| What impacts Postprandial Blood Glucose? | 1. Carb intake + absorption 2. Insulin release (early & late) 3. Peripheral glucose uptake 4. Incretin Effects 5. Glucagon suppression |
| What does Self Management Include? | 1. Learning about the disease 2. Defining personal goals 3. Making informed decisions about treatment 4. Developing skills (physical & behavioral) 5. Evaluating efficacy of plan toward reaching goals |
| What is the objective of DSME and unique outcome measurement? | Behavior Change |
| AADE 7 Self Care Behaviors | 1. Healthy Eating 2. Being Active 3. Monitoring 4. Taking Meds 5. Problem Solving 6. Healthy Coping 7. Reducing Risks |
| How many in the US live with Diabetes? | 29.1 million or 9.3% |
| Describe the Health Belief Model | When a person's belief about the health problem, perceived benefit of action and barriers to action, and self-efficacy explains their level of engagement or lack there of in health-promoting behaviors |
| What should be assessed when following the Health Belief Model? | 1. Patients perceived severity of condition/dx 2. Perceived susceptibility 3. Perceived benefits of action 4. Perceived cost/barriers 5. Perceived competence/ability to perform (self-efficacy) |
| Transtheoretical Model is also known as... | Stages of Change |
| What are the stages of change in the TTM | 1. Precontemplation (not ready) 2. Contemplation (getting ready) 3. Preparation (ready) 4. Action 5. Maintenance |
| When someone is not aware there may be a problem, the CDE would work on building trust/rapport and raise doubts towards the individuals current belief in this stage... | Precontemplation |
| CDE would support and encourage, assist in weighing pros/cons of action/inaction during this stage... | Contemplation |
| CDE can assist/clarify in setting small goals, identifying behaviors to change or focus on in this stage... | Preparation |
| CDE would continue assistance, support, identifying positive rewards, identify ongoing support systems/network during this stage... | Action |
| CDE will continue to affirm, support, help ID long term goals, discuss relapse or barriers that may arise and help plan for during this stage... | Maintenance |
| In this model, the HCP acts as a fascilitator | Empowerment Model |
| OARS stands for what in Motivational Interviewing | Open-ended questions Affirmations Reflective listening Summary |
| The 5 A's of Self Management | 1. Assess - assess beliefs, knowledge, behavior 2. Advise- specific info on health risks & benefits of change 3. Agree - collaboratively set goals 4. Assist - ID personal barriers, strategies, problem solving techniques; support 5. Arrange - f/u |
| How is pre-diabetes diagnosed | A1c: 5.7 - 6.4 % FPG: 101-125 75gram OGTT 2hour PP 140-199 |
| Interventions for pre-diabetes include | Diet and exercise (behavior modification) Metformin 7% loss of body weight |
| Target Lipid values for Diabetes Management | HDL: women >50 & men >40 LDL: <100 unless pre-existing CVD, then <70 |
| Target Blood Pressure for Diabetes Management | < 140/90 |
| Target A1c for Diabetes Management | < 7% (ADA) or < 6.5 (AACE) |
| Other diabetes management goals for care (not labs/bp) are? | ASA therapy, smoking cessation, AADE 7 |
| Glycolysis | Glucose breakdown, liberating energy, producing water & CO2 |
| Glycogenesis | Glucose stored in the muscle and liver as glycogen |
| Gluconeogenesis | Production of glucose from new (non-carb) sources (protein to glucose) |
| Glycogenolysis | Breakdown of glycogen with release of glucose |
| Ketogenesis | Creation of ketone bodies when lipolysis occurs |
| Lipolysis | Breakdown of fat to useable forms of energy (triglycerides and glycerol) |
| What is the calories per gram of carbohydrates, protein, fat and alcohol?? | Carbs 4cal/gr Protein 4cal/gr Fat 9cal/gr Alcohol 7cal/gr |
| What is the recommended fiber intake? | 10-20 gr/day |
| What should be considered when Fasting Hyperglycemia is present? | * Hepatic glucose output * Basal insulin insufficiency * Fasting glucagon |
| What should be considered when postprandial hyperglycemia is present? | * Carbohydrate intake & absorption * Insulin release/timing (early & late) * Peripheral glucose uptake * Incretin effects * Glucagon suppression |
| What meds primarily are used to target FPG? | Metformin TZD's Sulfonylureas Basal Insulin GLP-1 receptor agonists |
| What meds primarily are used to target Postprandial PG | GLP-1 RA DPP IV Inhibitors Meglitinides Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors Prandial Insulins (rapid, regular) |
Created by:
kat10
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