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8thGrScience-Ecology
8th Grade Science - Ecology & Environment Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Autotroph | an organism that can make its own food |
| Carrying Capacity | maximum population size of species in an environment |
| Commensalism | a relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is not harmed |
| Heterotroph | an organism that must obtain its energy from an outside source |
| Host | the organism that is harmed in a parasitic relationship |
| Mutualism | a relationship in which both organisms benefit |
| Natural Selection | process by which organisms that inherit helpful traits tend to reproduce more successfully than others |
| Parasite | an organism that causes harm to its host |
| Parasitism | a relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed |
| Phytoplankton | Plankton consisting of microscopic plants |
| Symbiosis | a relationship in which two organisms live in close association with others |
| Zooplankton | plankton consistsing of small animals. |
| autotroph examples | rose, tree, grass |
| heterotroph examples | foxes, snakes, owl |
| Example of predator-prey relationship | snake - mouse |
| Example of parasite-host relationship | tapeworm - cow |
| Example of mutualism relationship | oxpeckers feed on ticks found on rhinoceros |
| Example of communalistic relationship | hermit crab lives in shell that was made and left by snails |
| Which organisms are the decomposers in this specific food web? | bacteria/fungi |
| Which organisms are competing for the "Forage Fish" Group? | salmon/Lake Trout, cormorant, herring gull, snapping turtle, eagle |
| If the Salmon/Lake Trout were removed from this specific food web, how would this affect the forage fish population? | the numbers would increase |
| What is the relationship between the Eagle and the Salmon? | Eagle=predator; Salmon=prey |
| What is the relationship between the Plankton and the Waterfowl in this specific food web? | Plankton=producer; Waterfowl=Herbivore |
| According to the specific food web, which organism has the most types of food? | Eagle |
| In a typical predator-prey relationship of over 10 years, what happens to the level of predators? | there are few in the beginning, then increase midstream then decrease |
| In a typical predator-prey relationship of over 10 years, what happens to the level of prey? | there are many in the beginning, then slowly decrease midstream to where there are few |
Created by:
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