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Unit 1 vocab, part 1

Astronomy

TermDefinition
Astronomy Celestial objects, space, and the physical universe as a whole.
Geocentric Center of the earth.
Helocentric Center of the sun.
Retrograde motion Motion of a planet.
Ellipse A regular oval shape.
Astronomical Unit (AU) Unit of measure equal to 149.6 million kilometers, the mean distance from the center of the earth to the center of the sun.
Rotation The action of rotating around an axis or center.
Revolution An instance of revolving, turning.
Precession The slow movement of the axis of a spinning body around another axis, due to a gravitational movement.
Perihelion The point in the orbit of a planet, asteroid, or comet at which it is closest to the sun.
Aphelion The point in the orbit of a planet, asteroid, or comet at which it is furthest from the sun.
Perigree The point in the orbit of a planet, asteroid, or comet at which it is furthest from the sun.
Apogee The point in the orbit of the moon or a satellite at which it is furthest from the earth.
Phases of the Moon How much of the moon is illuminated.
Solar Eclipse An eclipse in which the sun is covered by the moon.
Lunar Eclipse An eclipse in which the moon appears darkened as it passes into the earth's shadow.
Crater a large, bowl-shaped cavity in the ground or on the surface of a planet or the moon, typically one caused by an explosion or the impact of a meteorite or other celestial body.
Terrestrial Planet A planet composed of mostly rocks.
Jovian Planet Any of the four outermost planets of the solar system.
Nebula A cloud of dust or gas in outer space.
Planetesimal an object formed from dust, rock, and other materials
Asteriod A small rocky body orbiting the sun.
Comet Icy small solar system.
Coma The nebulous envelope around the nucleus of a comet.
Meteroid A piece of stone-like or metal-like debris which travels in outer space.
Meteor Matter from outer space that enters the earth's atmosphere
Meteroite A meteor that survives the earths atmosphere such as part of it strikes the ground.
Electromagnetic Spectrum The range of wavelengths or frequencies over which electromagnetic radiation extends.
Photon A particle representing a quantum of light or other electromagnetic radiation.
Spectroscopy The investigation and measurement of spectra produced when matter interacts with or emits electromagnetic radiation.
Doppler Effect An increase (or decrease) in the frequency of sound, light, or other waves as the source and observer move toward (or away from) each other
Refracting Telescope A telescope that uses a converging lens to collect light.
Reflecting Telescope A telescope in which a mirror is used to collect and focus light.
Radio Telescope An instrument used to detect radio emissions from the sky, whether from natural celestial objects or from artificial satellites.
Hubble Telescope Space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990, and remains in operation.
Space Shuttle A rocket-launched spacecraft, able to land like an unpowered aircraft, used to make repeated journeys between the earth and earth orbit
Created by: madisonellis21
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