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Cancer

TermDefinition
cancer uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells in any body tissue
nomar cell mature, fully differentiated, uniform size, contact inhibition
mitosis phase of the cell cycle where division occurs
malignant cell irregularly shaped, chromosomal abnormality, no contact inhibition, divides rapidly
hypertrophy increase in cell size
hyperplasia increase in number of cells
metaplasia transformation of one adult cell to another cell type (reversible)
dysplasia abnormal change in size, shape and organization of a cell
anaplasia malignant change in structure of cell (not reversible)
neoplasia new growth
metastasis spread of cancer cells from a primary tumor to distant sites
TNM tumor-nodes-metastasis classification system
tumor markers proteins released by cancer cells
carcinogenesis process by which normal cells are turned into cancer cells (genetic mutation)
primary cancer treatment primary treatment to eradicate tumor
radiofrequency ablation use of electrical energy to generate heat and burn cancer cells
cryosurgery use of nitrogen or cold probe to freeze cancer cells
radiation (local) use of high energy ionizing rays to interrupt cell growth
external beam radiation- teletherapy most common, administered by machines, small tattoos, plastic molds, daily for 2-8 wks
internal beam radiation- brachytherapy radioactive material placed into or adjacent to tumor (sealed or unsealed)
chemotherapy systemic treatment using cytotoxic drugs
extravasation drug filtered to the tissues
Created by: smca
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