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A&P Body Terminology
A&P Body Sections
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| dorsal (back) cavities | cranial and vertebral |
| ventral (front) cavities | thoracic (anything above diaphragm), abdominopelvic |
| minor cavities | oral, nasal, orbital (eyes), middle ear |
| serous membranes: visceral | covers an organ |
| serous membranes: parietal | lines a cavity or body wall |
| serous membranes: pleural | lungs (visceral, parietal, and pleural cavity) |
| serous membranes: pericardial | heart (visceral, parietal, pericardial cavity and fibrous (thick) membrane) |
| serous membranes: peritoneal | most organs in abdominopelvic cavity (parietal, visceral, and peritoneal cavity) |
| integumentary system | skin (protects tissues; temperature regulation) |
| skeletal system | bones, ligaments, cartilage (a framework, protects soft tissues, produces bone marrow and stores inorganic salts) |
| muscular system | smooth muscle (causes movement, produces body heat, maintains posture) |
| nervous system | nerves (electrical impulses detect changes and receive sensory information) |
| endocrine system | glands (uses chemical, not electrical communicators, that come from hormone-secreting glands) |
| cardiovascular system | heart, arteries, veins, capillaries |
| lymphatic system | lymph nodes, thymus, spleen (immunity aid) |
| digestive system | mouth, pharynx, pancreas, gall bladder, stomach, large and small intestines |
| respiatory system | nasal cavity, larynx, pharynx, trachea, lungs |
| urinary system | kidneys, ureter system, bladder, urethra |
| male reproductive system | scrotum, testes, vans deferens, urethra, penis (produces and maintains semen, delivers sperm, makes testosterone) |
| female reproductive system | vulva, uterus, ovaries (protects and maintains eggs, delivers sperm to eggs, develops fetus) |
| superior | above |
| inferior | below |
| anterior/ventral | towards the front |
| posterior/dorsal | towards the back |
| medial | near midline |
| lateral | further from midline |
| ipsi-lateral | same side |
| contra-lateral | different side |
| proximal | closest to trunk |
| distal | further from trunk |
| superficial | near skin surface |
| deep | within the body |
| internal | inside body |
| external | outside body |
| saggital/medial | divides body into right or left halves |
| transverse/horizontal | divides body into superior and inferior portions |
| coronal plane | rear half |
| frontal plane | front half |
| cross section | straight in half against the grain (round organs) |
| oblique section | diagonally cut (round organs) |
| longitudal section | with the grain; in half |
| abdominal regions: top | right and left hypochondriac |
| abdominal regions: middle | right and left lumbar |
| abdominal regions: bottom | right and left ilac |
| abdominal regions: top middle | epigastric |
| abdominal regions: mid middle | umbilical |
| abdominal regions: bottom middle | hypogastric |
Created by:
rstrietzel
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