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Vocab 3.2

QuestionAnswer
Carbohydrate Any organic compound that is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that provides nutrient to the cells of living things
Monosaccharide A simple sugar that is the basic subunit, or monometer, of a carbohydrate
Disaccharide A sugar formed from two monosaccharaides
Polysaccharide One of the poyhydrates made up of long chains of simple sugars; includes starch, cellulose, and gycogen
Protein An organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells
Amino Acid An organic molecule that contains a carboxyl and an amino group and make up proteins, a protein monometer
Peptide Bond The chemical bond that forms between the carboxyl group of one amino and another amino acid
Polypeptide A long chain of several amino acids
Enzyme A type of protein or RNA molecule that speeds up metabolic reaction in plants and animals without being permanently changes
Substrate A part, substance, or element that lies beneath and supports another art, substance or element, the reactant in reactions catalyzed by enzymes
Active Site The site of an enzyme that attaches to a substrate
Lipid A large nonpolar organic molecule, including fats or steroids; lipids store energy and make up cell membranes
Fatty Acid An organic acid that is contained in lipids, such as fats or oils
Phospholipid A lipid that contains phosphorus and that is a structural component in cell membranes
Wax A type of structural lipid consisting of a long fatty-acid chain that is joined by a long alcohol chain
Steroid A type of lipid that consists of four carbon rings to which various function groups are attached and that usually has a physiological action
Nucleic acid
Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA The material that contains information that determines inherited characteristics
Ribonucleic acid RNA A natural polymer that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein synthesis
nucleotide A nucleic-acid chain, a subunit that consists of sugar, a phosphate and a nitrogenous base.
Created by: hoffmand19
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