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Step 3
data based on UW, Kaplan Q bank, book etc
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Gastroparesis in DM symptoms | post-prandial fullness, hypoglycemia, sweating, dizziness, constipation |
| Gastroparesin in DM RX | metoclopramide, erythromycin |
| Drugs that lead to hypercalcemia | thiazides, lithium |
| Calcium greater than 12 or symptoms | NSS IV 3-6 l in 24 h, furosemide if necessary |
| Hungry bones syndrome | hypocalcemia post op removal of parathyroid adenoma |
| Sarcoidosis | increase in vit D levels |
| Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia | low 24 h urine calcium |
| Chronic thyroiditis (Hashimoto) | antimicrosomal antibodies |
| Drugs that lead to hypothyroidism | lithium, ASA |
| Large nodule (cold) in multinodular goiter (hot) | FNA; if follicular elements |
| Psammoma bodies | papillary carcinoma of thyroid |
| Thyroid cancer types | papillary, follicular (hematogenic spread), anaplastic, medullary (MEN); painful, low uptake, increased ESR |
| Graves disease Rx | bring the patient to euthyroid stae, then: radioactive iodine, steroids for ophtalmopathy |
| Plummer disease | long-standing multinodular goiters that become thyrotoxic later |
| Thyroiditis | low 24 h radioactive iodine uptake |
| Graves disease Dx | increased thyroid, "hot", proptosis, positive TSH Ig |
| Nitroblue tetrazolium test | chronic granulomatous disease; tets phagocyte fuction, oxidative burst |
| Cellular deficiency disease | fatal infections after receiving live viral vaccines (MMR, varicella) |
| Ab deficiency disease | encapsulated organisms, sino |
| Phagocytic deficiency disease | recurrent abcesses, lymphadenitis, periodontal infections, Gram negatives, catalase positives, e.g. CGD, Chédiak-Higashi |
| 20. Complement deficiency dis | C2-C4: autoimmune dis; terminal: Neisseria; C3: encapsulated, unusual strains |
| Severe combined immunodeficiency | first year of life, decrease in T and B cells |
| Ig A deficiency | MC primary immune deficiency, major anaphylatic reaction to blood products |
| X-linked hypogammaglobulinemia Rx | IV Ig; defect in tyrosine kinase |
| X-linked lymphoproliferative disease | catastrophic after EBV infection |
| Chronic granulomatous disease | decreased intracelular and fungal killing; S. aureus, Aspergillus; Rx: prophylatic antibiotics (TMP/SMX, doxycycline), interferon gamma; vaccinate: Haemophilus, Pneumoccocus, Neisseria, viral vaccines |
| T-cell deficiency Rx | bone marrow transplant |
| Transfusion in cellular deficient patient | irradiated, leukodepleted, virus free product |
| C3 deficiency | increased number of pyogenic infections |
| Properidin and C5 deficiency | increased Neisseria infections |
| C1 inhibitor deficiency | hereditary angioedema |
| Decay accelerating factor deficiency | paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria |
| Clomiphene citrate use | ovulation induction (for patients with good estrogen production, such as in OPCD) |
| Pregnancy | increase in alkaline phosphatase does not indicate disease necessarily, may be normal finding |
| Primary hypothyroidism | may lead to increase in pituitary, amenorrhea, galactorrhea |
| Meconium ileus suspicion | barium enema |
| Cystic fibrosis tests | sweat test, nasal potential testing |
| Hepatitis B mother | breastfeed is OK! |
| Graves in pregnancy Rx | propylthiouracil |
| Cocaine use in pregnancy | placental abruption |
| Clue cells | bacterial vaginosis; Rx |
| Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy | third trimester |
| RF for ectopic pregnancy | age, PID, salpingitis, more than 3 pregnancies |
| Testicular feminization | dysfunction or absence of testosterone receptors; patient is XY, normal breast development, scant pubic and axilar hair, blind vagina, undescendent testicles, may be felt on the groin. |
| fever greater than 38 C in less than 4 m.o. | admission, IV antibiotics, full evaluation, multiple cultures |
| Pyloric stenosis | non-bilious emesis, midepigastric olive: Dx |
| MCC of jaundice in pregnancy | viral hepatitis |
Created by:
delph
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