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Biology
Cells, mitoses, and meiosis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define cell membrane | Controls what exits and enters the cell. |
| Define cytoplasm | Constantly moving gel-like mixture inside the cell membrane which all the other cells sit in and contains heredity material |
| Define cell wall | rigid structure that incloses, supports, and protects the cells of plants, algie, fungi, and most beacteria |
| Define organelles | All the cell parts |
| Define cell | The smallest living organism |
| Define mitochondria | Cell organelles that break down food and release energy |
| Define chlorophyll | Green pigment that gives leaves green color |
| Define vacuole | Temporary storage of materials: can store waste, water, food, and other materials |
| Define nucleus | Seperated from cytoplasm by membrane: contains instructions for everything the cell does |
| Define lysosomes | Contains digestive chemicals that help break down food, wast, and worn out cell parts |
| Give an example of something made of cells and something not made of cells | Cells- My dog (anything living)No cells- blanket (something not alive) |
| What two organelles are found only in plant cells | Cell wall and chloroplast |
| List in correct order and explain the four stages of mitoses | Prophase- The chromosones pairMetaphase- The chromosones line up in the middleAnaphase- The centriols pull them apartTelaphase- there once was one and now there are twoRemember by: Patty Made A Taco |
| Where in the cell does mitoses occur? | The nucleus |
| Define Diffusion | Cells go from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration |
| Define osmosis | A type of passive transport that occurs when water diffuses through the membrane |
| How do plant cells look? | Square/rectanguler shaped. Riged outer covering |
| How do animal cells look? | Spherical |
| What are the products of Photosynthesis? | Gluclose and oxygen |
| what is the formula for photosynthesis? | 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy -Chlorophyll-> C6H12O6 + 6O2 |
| whats the purpose of mitoses? | Cell division |
| What are the three types of protists? How do they move and gather food? | Euglena- FlagellaParamecium- CiliaAmeoba- Pseudopod |
| What are the three shapes of bacteria? How do they look? | Bacillus- RodCocci- roundSppirilium- spiral |
| Define Heredity | The parents passin traits to his offspring |
| Define genetics | The study of heredity |
| Define traits | The charecters or property of an inity |
| Who is Gregor Mendell? | The father of genetics |
| Define probibiliy | Possibility of a certain outcome |
| Define genes | Sections of DNA located on the chromosones that code for specific DNA |
| Define meiosis | The reproduction of sex cells |
| Define allels | The different possibilitys of a trait |
| Defin genotype | the two traits you have for a trait or allele |
| Define phenotype | The trait you see; your physical apperence |
| Define the difference between Heterozygous and homozygeos | Homozygous is the same all through like AA or aa, Heterozygous is different like Aa |
| Give an example of homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, and heterozygous alleles. | BB, bb, Bb |
| What is a punnett square? | A tool to determine an offsprings trait |
| What is a dominant trait? | Dominant trait is expressed if passed on by 1 parent |
| What is a recessive trait? | must be passed on by both parents to be expressed |
| How many chromosones does a haploid cell have? | 23 |
| How many chromosones does a diploid cell have? | 46 |
| In a punnett square how do you express a dominant trait? recessive trait? | Capital letterLowercase letter |
| What are the envormental traits that can alter a phenotype? | Nutrition, Living conditions, Injuries, Sun exposure, tempature, and disease. |
| When is genetic infromation passed to the offspring? | When sex cells combine |
Created by:
KuteKandyKisses789
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