Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bacteria - Monera
Leaving cert Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the study of microorganisms called | Microbiology |
| A more common name for the kingdom Monera is ? | Bacteria |
| What type of habitat do bacteria live in | Aquatic and terrestrial |
| True or False, some bacteria can be found in in extreme conditions like , high temperatures, high pressure and low pH | True |
| Bacteria are one celled organisms, what term is given to this | Unicellular |
| True or False, all bacteria have a cell membrane and a cell wall | True |
| Sometime infoldings are present on the cell membrane to increase respiration, what are these called | Mesosomes |
| What is the cell wall made of | Sugar and Proteins |
| What is the function of the cell wall | Gives strength and stops it from bursting |
| For further protection, bacteria MAY have a semi-solid or slime layer present on the outside, what is this called | Capsule |
| Does a bacterial cell have a membrane around its nucleus | No |
| Some bacteria also have a DNA loop that are responsible for bacterial resistance to antibiotics, what are they called | Plasmids |
| What allows some bacteria to move | Flagella |
| What are the three shapes of bacteria | Rod, Cocci and Spiral |
| What do you call the method of reproduction in bacteria | Binary Fission |
| What is the first thing that happens in binary fission | DNA replicates |
| After DNA replicates, what happens | Cell elongates |
| After cell elongates, what happens | Cell divides |
| How do bacteria become resistant to antibiotics | The evolve very fast and mutations are carried through to daughter cells |
| How can some bacteria survive harsh conditions | By forming endospores |
| What happens to the endospore when conditions become favourable again | Tough wall absorbs water and breaks down and then binary fission occurs |
| True or False. Endospores can withstand lack of food and water, high temperatures and most poisons | True |
| What is the term used to describe how an organism makes its own food | Autotrophic |
| What is the term used to describe how an organism makes its own food by using sunlight | Photosynthetic |
| What is the term used to describe how an organism makes its own food by using energy from reactions | Chemosynthetic |
| What is the term used to describe how an organism takes in food made by other organisms | Heterotrophic |
| What is the term used to describe an organism that takes in food from dead organic matter | Saprophyte |
| What is the term used to describe an organism that takes in food from a live host | Parasite |
| What do you call the factors that slow down bacterial growth | Limiting factors |
| What is the optimum temperature of most bacteria | 20 -30 C |
| What happens to bacteria if temperature is too high | They become denatured or some form spores |
| What happens to bacteria if temperature is too low | Slows down bacterial growth |
| Name the bacteria that require oxygen for respiration | Aerobic bacteria |
| Name the bacteria that do not require oxygen for respiration | Anaerobic bacteria |
| Name the type of bacteria that can respire with or without oxygen | Facultative anaerobes |
| Name the type of bacteria that can only respire on the absence of oxygen | Obligate anaerobes |
| What is the optimum pH for most bacteria | 7 |
| What happens if a bacteria is placed in an unsuitable pH | Enzymes become denatured |
| Name the process by which bacteria gain or lose water | Osmosis |
| If external solution has a higher solute concentration than bacterial cytoplasm, what happens to bacteria | Water moves out and bacteria becomes dehydrated |
| If external solution has a lower solute concentration than bacterial cytoplasm, what happens to bacteria | Water enters bacteria but wall prevents bursting |
| What happens most bacteria in high pressures | Bacterial wall bursts |
| Two economic benefits of bacteria | Makes yoghurt and cheese and products such as insulin |
| Two economic disadvantages of bacteria | Causes disease and food decay |
| What do you call bacteria that cause disease | Pathogen |
| What do you call compounds produced by microorganisms that stop the growth of, or kill, other microorganisms without damaging human tissue | Antibiotics |
| What do you call bacteria not affected by antibiotics | Antibiotic resistant bacteria |
| What do you call bacterial strains that are resistant to almost all known antibiotics | Multi-resistant bacteria |
| What do you call the first phase of bacterial growth on a growth curve | Lag phase |
| What happens in the lag phase | Bacteria adapt to their new environment |
| What do you call the phase where there is rapid bacterial growth | Log phase |
| What do you call the phase where there is no increase in bacterial numbers | Stationary phase |
| Why does bacterial growth slow down | Lack of food, space, moisture, oxygen |
| What do you call the phase where growth slows down | Decline phase |
| What do you call the phase where bacterial growth stops | Death phase |
| Some bacteria do not enter the death phase, instead they enter the survival phase, why is this | They form endospores |
| What is bioprocessing | The production of useful products using bacteria |
| What do you call the growth of microorganisms in a liquid medium | Fermentation |
| What are the two main methods of bacterial fermentation | Batch culture and Continuous flow culture |
| What do you call a small amount of organism used to start fermentation | Inoculum |
| What is batch culture | A fixed amount of nutrient is added to the inoculum in a bioreactor |
| In batch culture what phase do bacteria go through | Lag, log and stationary |
| After the stationary phase what happens in batch culture | Process is stopped and product formed |
| In continuous flow culture, what is continuously added to the bioreactor | Nutrients |
| Why is it called continuous flow | Bacteria, culture medium are continuously added and product is continuously removed |
| At what stage is bacterial growth maintained in continuous flow | Log phase |
| Which of the two fermentation processes is most commonly used | Batch culture |
Created by:
gcu biology
Popular Biology sets