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Moduel 6
Non-parenteral Medication Adminstration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Examples of Non-parenteral medications | Oral medication, eye drops, and eardrops. Anything that is not an injection |
| What is the cornea supplied with | Pain fibers and thus is sensitive to anything applied to it. Avoid instilling any form of eye medication directly into the cornea |
| When instilling drops to be put in ear what should be done? | the external auditory canal is straightened by pulling on the auricle of the ear so the medication will reach the structures of the middle ear. |
| When applying a medication into the rectum what should be done? | A rectal suppository must be placed past the internal anal sphincter and against the rectal mucosa; otherwise, the suppository may be expelled before it can dissolve and be absorbed. |
| When applying a medication into the vagina what should be done? | When inserting a vaginal suppository, the rounded end is inserted the entire length of the gloved finger along the posterior wall of the vaginal canal. |
| Medications that are applied to mucous membranes | absorb quickly due to the membranes vascularity |
| How do you apply medications to the skin? | painting, spraying, spreading medication over an area, applying moist dressings, irrigation, soaking body parts in solution, or giving medicated baths. |
| When medication is applied to the skin it is unlikely | to experience GI disturbances, and the risk of serious side effects is generally low, although serious systemic effects can occur |
| Adhesive-backed medicated patches applied to the skin provide | sustained, continuous release of medication over several hours and/or days. |
| When do systemic effects occur when medications are being applied to the skin | Skin is too thin, medication concentration is high, or if contact with the skin is prolonged |
| When applying medications directly to the skin what do you need | •Clean gloves or sterile gloves •Cotton-tipped applicators or tongue blades (optional) •Ordered medication •Basin of warm water, washcloth, towel, and nondrying soap •Sterile dressing, tape (if needed) •Medication administration record |
| How to evaluate medication administration on the skin | Inspect the patients skin between skin applications, observe patients disposal and application of medication, and ask the patient or family member about the medication to know that they understand everything about the medication |
| The skill of administering eye drops cannot be delegated to a NAP but they can | •Potential side effects of medications and to report their occurrence. •The potential for temporary visual impairment after administration of eye medications. |
| What are the 3 ways that eye medications come in | drops, ointment, or intraocular disk |
| Where is the intraocular disk placed and for how long | Conjunctiva sac and for up to a week |
| Where is an ophthalmic medication instilled in | Conjunctiva sac |
| What equipment do you need when instilling eye drops | •Appropriate medication (eye drops with sterile dropper, ointment tube, or medicated intraocular disk) •Tissue •Warm water and washcloth •Clean gloves •Eye patch and tape (optional) •Medication administration record (MAR) {electronic or printed} |
| When applying ear drops what do you need to watch for | the ear is very sensitive to temperature so when applying drops in the ear make sure that they are room temperature. Drops that are too cold can cause vertigo and dizziness |
| What kind of dropper should you use when administering ear drops | Sterile dropper |
| What equipment do you need when inserting ear drops into the ear | •Appropriate medication (ear drops) at room temperature •Cotton-tipped applicator and/or cotton balls •Clean gloves (if drainage is present) •Medication administration record (MAR) {electronic or printed} |
| What are expected outcomes from the ear treatment | •Observe the effects of medication by inspecting the condition of the external ear and canal •Note the patient's response to instillation patient to discuss the medication's purpose. •Have the patient demonstrate |
| What is a metered dose inhaler | is a small, handheld device that disperses medication into the airways through an aerosol spray or mist by activation of a propellant. Dosing is usually achieved with 1 or 2 puffs. |
| What is dry powder inhaler | deliver inhaled medication in a fine powder formulation to the respiratory tract. The deeper passages of the respiratory tract provide a large surface area for medication absorption, and the alveolar-capillary network absorbs medication rapidly. |
| What equipment is needed for administering inhaler medication | •Inhaler device with medication canister (MDI or DPI) •Spacer device, such as AeroChamber or InspirEase (optional) •Facial tissues (optional) •Stethoscope •Medication administration record (MAR) {electronic or printed} •Pulse oximeter (optional) |
| Vaginal suppositories | are oval shaped and come individually packaged in foil wrappers. They are larger and more oval than rectal suppositories |
| Is the rectal route the best way to administer a medication | No oral and parenteral are better but normally with the rectal it is relatively safe and rarely causes local irritation or side effects |
| When inserting a vagina or rectal suppositories what is needed | •Rectal suppository or vaginal suppository •Applicators (vaginal only) (if needed) •Clean gloves •Tissues •Towels and/or washcloths •Perineal pad; drape or sheet •Water-soluble lubricant •Medication administration record |
| What are the expected outcomes for a vagina suppositories | vaginal tissues are pink and smooth. Genitalia are clear and without discharge. Patient denies symptoms of discomfort and expresses relief from symptoms of infection/inflammation. A small amount of discharge that is the color of medication is present. |
| What are the expected outcomes for rectal suppositories | patient reports relief or reduction in symptoms for which medication is prescribed |
| How far does an rectal suppository need to go for an adult | 4 inches or about 10cm |
| How far does a rectal suppository need to go for an infant | 2 inches or about 5cm |
| When should a female insert her vaginal suppository when performing it herself | At bedtime to prevent the medication from pulsing out |
| What are expected outcome for a vaginal or rectal suppository | ask the patient about relief, apply clean gloves and inspect if the irritation and inflammation has gone down, ask if itching, burning or discomfort symptoms have been relieved, ask the patient about the purpose, side effects, and method |
| What position should the patient be in when receiving a rectal suppository | Sims |
| How is the ear canal straightened in children under 3 years of age | downward and back |
Created by:
spilkington11
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