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semester 1 & 2 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Thermal energy | The total kinetic and potential energy of all the particles of an object. |
| Nuclear energy | the potential energy stored in the nucleus of an atom. |
| Energy Transformation | A change from one form of energy to another. |
| Chemical energy | A form of potential energy that is stored in chemical bonds between atoms. |
| Kinetic energy | Energy that an object has due to its motion. |
| Alt energy source | energy such as solar, wind, or nuclear energy, that can replace fossil-fuel sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas. |
| Gravity | The attractive force between objects; the force that moves objects downhill |
| Average speed | The overall rate of speed at which an object moves; calculated by dividing the total distance an object travels by the total time. |
| Balanced forces | Two forces acting in opposite directions. |
| Potential energy | The energy an object has because of its position. |
| Fossil fuels | Coal, oil, or natural gas that forms over millions of years from the remains of ancient organisms; burned to release energy. |
| Conduction | The transfer of thermal energy from one particle of matter to another. |
| Radiation | The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves. |
| Friction | The force of two surfaces expert on each other when they rub against each other. |
| convection | the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of liquid. |
| Continental Drift | The hypothesis that the continents slowly move across Earth’s surface. |
| Erosion | The process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves weathered particles of rock and soil. |
| Organelle | A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell. |
| Plant cell | Eukaryota cells, or cells with a membrane-bound nucleus. |
| Animal cell | Eukaryota cells, or cells with a membrane-bound nucleus. |
| Faults | A break in Earth’s crust along which rocks move. |
| Unicellular | A single cell that carries out life. |
| Earthquake | The shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth’s surface. |
| Rock cycle | A series of processes on the surface and inside Earth that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another. |
| Plate tectonics | The theory that pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are in constant motion; driven by convection currents in the mantle. |
| Cell | the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently |
| Mantle | The layer of hot, solid material between Earth’s crust and core. |
| Sedimentary | Rock type that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together. |
| Mitosis | The second stage of the cell cycle during which the cell’s nucleus divides into two new nuclei and one set of DNA is distributed into each daughter cell. |
| Multicellular | Multiple cells that carry out life. |
Created by:
kwinkler
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