Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bone Tissue & Joints
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the functions of the skeletal system? | Protect, Support,Movements,Mineral & Triglyceride Storage, Blood Cell Formation |
| Epiphysis | Expanded ends of long bone . exterior is compact bone and interior is spongy bone. the joint surface is covered with hyaline cartilage. The epiphyseal line separates the diaphysis from the epiphysis. |
| Diaphysis | Tubular shaft that forms the axis of long bones composed of compact bone that surrounds the medullary cavity |
| Metaphyses | Region where diaphysis joins epiphysis in mature bone . epiphyseal plate allows the diaphysis of a bone to grow in length but not in width in a growing bone |
| Articular Cartilage | Hyaline cartilage reduces friction and absorbs shock at freely moveable joint. Lacks a perichondrium. |
| Yellow Marrow | Contained in Medullary cavity |
| Red Bone Marrow | Contained in spongy bone |
| The region of a long bone where the epiphysis and diaphysis join is called the ____. | metaphyses |
| What are the two layers of the periosteum? | Outer fibrous layer & inner osteogenic layer |
| What are the functions of the periosteum ? | Protect a bone assist in fracture repair nourish bone tissue serve as attachment point for ligaments and tendons |
| What does the outer fibrous layer contain ? | Dense irregular connective tissue |
| What does the inner osteogenic layer contain? | Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts |
| Does the periosteum cover articular cartilage ? | no |
| What are the characteristics and functions of osteocytes? | derive from osteoblasts ; mature bone cells , maintain bone tissue. |
| What are the characteristics and functions of osteoblasts ? | bone building cells ; form bone matrix |
| What are the characteristics and functions of osteoclasts ? | derive from monocytes. Resorption & destruction of bone matrix |
| A structural unit of compact bone is an | osteon |
| The central canal of an osteon contains | nerves , blood vessels & lymphatic vessels |
| What is the structure of a central canal ? | Runs longitudinally through the bone contains haversion canal. Blood vessels and nerves & lymphatic vessels |
| What is the structure of inner circumferential Lamellae? | Encircle the medullary cavity |
| What is the structure of concentric Lamellae? | around the canals |
| What is the structure of interstitial Lamellae ? | area between osteons |
| What is the structure of perforating canal? | place where blood vessels , lypmphatic vessels and nerves penetrate the compact bone |
| What is the structure of canaliculi ? | filled with extracellular fluiid , fingerlike processes of ostecytes. |
| What is the structure of lacunae ? | between the lamellae. |
| What is a characteristic of spongy bone tissue but not of compact bone tissue? | spongy bone has red bone marrow and trabeculae |
| What is the intramembranous ossification ? | when the bone forms directly w/mesenchyme arranged in sheet like layers. |
| What bones does a intramembranous ossification produce? | flat bones |
| What is endochondral ossification ? | when bone is formed within hyaline cartilage and develops mesenchyme . |
| What are the major steps in endochondral ossification ? | Development Of Cartilage Model Growth Of Cartilage Model Development Of Primary Ossification Development Of Medullary Cavity Development Of Secondry Ossification Formation Of Articular Cartilage & Epiphyseal Plate |
| What does the presence of an epiphyseal line indicate ? | epiphyseal growth has ended |
| Normal bone growth and replacement on the presence of ..... | Several Minerals , Several Vitamens , |
| What is a colles fracture ? | frature of the distal end of radius; occurs in children & in winter |
| What is a Potts fracture ? | fracture of the distal end of fibula |
| What is a impacted fracture? | one end of fractured bone is forcefully driven into the interior of the other |
| What is a greenstick fracture? | incomplete fracture where one side of the bone breaks and the other side bends ; occurs only in children |
| What is a comminuted fracture? | bone fragements into three or more pieces ; common in elderly |
| What is a open fracture? | Broken ends of bones were true to the skin muscle is open and there's more chance of infection |
| What is a closed fracture? | Fracture that does not break the skin |
| What is the struture of outer circumferential lamellae? | beneath the periosteum |
| What type of joint contains a joint cavity ? | Synovial |
| Which type of joint has the most movement ? | Diarthrosis |
| What are the dense irregular or regular connetive tissue structures that bind one bone to another bone ? | |
| What structures are the most responsible for holding bones together at a synovial joint ? | Ligaments |
| What secretes the synovial fluid? | Synovial Fluid |
| What are the functions of the synovial fluid ? | Lubrication , Supply nutrients and remove wastes for cartilages, Phagocytic cells remove microbes and debris. |
| Can ligaments be extracapsular or intracapsular ? | Both |
| Gliding Movement | One flat bone surface glides or slips over another similar surface |
| Flexion | Bending movement that decreases the angle of the joint |
| Extension | reverse flexion ; joint angle is increased |
| Dorsiflexion & Plantar Flexion | up and down movement of the foot |
| Abduction | movement away from the midline |
| Adduction | movement toward the midline |
| Circumduction | movement describes a cone in space |
| Rotation | turning of the bone around its own long axis . between two first vertebrae |
| Supination | inversion |
| Pronation | eversion |
| Protraction | elevation |
| Retraction | depression |
| Suture | Synarthrosis. Frontal suture |
| Syndesmosis | Amphiarthrosis. Distal tibiofibular |
| Interosseous Membrane | Amphiarthrosis. Between tibia and fibula |
| Synchondrosis | Synarthrosis. Epiphyseal plate |
| Symphysis | Amphiarthrosis . Intervertebral joints, pubic synthesis . |
| Planar | Diarthrosis . Biaxial. Side to side gliding . Intercarpal, intertarsal, sterno coastal. |
| Hinge | Monoaxial, flexion extension. Elbow and knee, interphalangeal |
| Pivot | Monoaxial, rotation. Atlantoaxial |
| Condyloid | Biaxial, flexion extension, abduction and adduction,. Radiocarpal, metacarpophalangeal ( 2nd to 5th ) |
| Saddle | Triaxial, flexion extension, abduction adduction, rotation. Between trapezium and 1st metacarpal . |
| Ball & Socket | Tritiaxial, flexion extension, abduction adduction, circumduction, rotation. Shoulder and hip joints . |
| Synarthrosis | Immovable joint |
| Amphiarthrosis | Slightly movable joint |
| Diarthrosis | Freely movable joint. All diarthrosis are synovial joints |
| Fibrous | Bones held together by fibrous connective tissue . No synovial cavity |
| Cartilaginous | Held together by cartilage, no synovial cavity |
| Synovial | United by the dense irregular connective tissue of an articular capsule, has a synovial cavity |
Created by:
lin_linxo
Popular Biology sets