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2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Alternative Splicing | a regulated process during gene expression that results in a single gene coding for multiple proteins |
| Arachiodonic acid | a fatty acid and a precursor that is metabolized by various enzymes to a wide range of biologically and clinically important eicosanoids involved in cellular signaling |
| Arrestins | Proteins that bind to a receptor to block further signaling; they target receptors for internalization; they redirect signaling to alternative pathways |
| Autophosphrylation | a process by which kinase proteins phosphorylate themselves enzymatically |
| Calthrin | a plasma membrane surface protein that plays a major role in endocytosis of vesicles and internalization of receptors |
| Coactivators | proteins that stimulate gen expression by binding to a transcription factor that has attached to a DNA |
| Cytokines | small proteins produced by cells of the immune system that act as hormones and affect communications between body cells |
| G-protein | cell membrane proteins that are attached to cell surface receptors and upon stimulation of the receptor by a signaling molecule bind to GTP to form an active complex which mediates an intracellular event |
| G-protein coupled kinases | a family of proteins that regulate the activity of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) by phosphorylating specific amino acids to prevent reactivation of the signaling pathway |
| Globulins | a family of proteins in blood that are produced in the liver and can act as carriers of hormones |
| Half life of a hormone | the amount of time it takes for a hormone concentration in blood to be reduced by half of its original concentration |
| Homodimers | a molecule composed of paired identical proteins |
| Hypophysis | another word for the pituitary gland (anterior pituitary = adenohypophysis; posterior pituitary = neurohypophysis) |
| Hypothalamo-pituitary axis | hypothalamus together with the pituitary gland |
| Iodothyronines | any of the iodinated derivatives of thyroid hormones |
| Regulatory System | any stimulus-response mechanism to allow organisms to sense and respond to changes in many different environmental conditions |
| Transcortin | an alpha-globulin that binds and transports biologically active cortisol hormone in plasma |
| Transcription factors | proteins that control which genes are turned on and off in the genome, binds to specific DNA sequence controlling the transcription of DNA to mRNA |
| Transduction | the process of converting a signal into another form |
| Tyrosine kinases | an enzyme that can transfer a phosphate group from ATP to a protein in a cell |
Created by:
Destiny Pina
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