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Genetics Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Heredity | The passing of traits from parent to offspring |
| What is the structure of DNA? | Double Helix |
| Heterozygous | A genotype with two different alleles, one dominant and one recessive |
| Homozygous | A genotype with the of the same alleles |
| Homozygous Dominant | A genotype with two dominant alleles |
| Homozygous Recessive | A genotype with two recessive alleles |
| Genotype | An organism's allele combination |
| Phenotype | An organism's physical appearance |
| Gene | The genetic information passed from parent to offspring |
| Allele | Different versions of a gene: dominant or recessive |
| Gregor Mendel | The scientist that is credited with developing the theory of modern genetics |
| Chromosome | Threadlike structures that contain an organism's DNA |
| Trait | A physical feature that an organism inherits from its parent |
| Dominant Trait | A trait that is always observed when the allele is present |
| Recessive Trait | A trait that is only observed when there are two recessive alleles inherited |
| What are the three parts of cell theory? | 1. All living things are made of cells 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things 3. Cells come from other cells |
| What are the three reasons that cells divide? | Cells divide for growth, repair, and reproduction |
| What are the two types of cell division? | Mitosis and Meiosis |
| Mitosis | Cell division that creates body cells for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction |
| Meiosis | Cell division that creates sex cells for sexual reproduction |
| Hybrid is a synonym for... | Heterozygous |
| Purebred is a synonym for... | Homozygous |
| Co-dominance | A trait in which two alleles demonstrate the dominant trait |
| Example of co-dominance in humans | blood type |
| What are the four human blood types? | Type A, Type B, Type AB, Type O |
| Which alleles for blood type are codominant? | A and B |
| Which allele for blood type is recessive? | O |
| What is incomplete dominance? | A trait in which neither allele demonstrates the dominant trait, creating a third phenotype that is a blend of the two (example: A red flower and a white flower can create a pink flower). |
Created by:
valleyviewscience
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