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LIFE SCI CELLS
Life Science Unit Test: Cells
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| M.R.S. G.R.E.N. | The characteristics of living things: Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excrete, Nutrition |
| CELL | A cell is the smallest part of a living organism |
| CELL THEORY | Cell theory states: 1. Cells come from cells/living things 2. Living things are made of cells. 3. Cells performs specific functions. |
| CARBOHYDRATES | Carbohydrates are molecules of sugars and starches in cells. |
| PROTEINS | Proteins are molecules of fuel and enzymes to process fuel in cells. |
| LIPIDS | Lipids are molecules of fats in cells. |
| NUCLEIC ACIDS | Nucleic acids are acids containing information (such as DNA) in cells. |
| ENZYMES | Enzymes are proteins that serves as a catalyst to bind or break down other proteins. |
| CELL MEMBRANE | The cell membrane is a thin flexible layer surrounding the cytoplasm; it allows selective molecules in and out of the cell. |
| SELECTIVE PERMEABILITY | Selective permeability allows only certain molecules to pass through the cell membrane. |
| FLUID MOSAIC | The fluid mosaic is the name for the model of the flexible pattern of a cell membrane. |
| DIFFUSION | Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a high area of concentration (a lot) to a low area of concentration (a little). |
| OSMOSIS | Osmosis is diffusion of water. |
| CELL WALL | The cell wall is the firm outer boundary of plant cells. |
| ORGANELLE | Organelles are the smaller parts of a cell that perform functions (jobs). |
| MITOCHONDRIA | The mitochondria organelles of the cell make power for the cell. |
| ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM | The ER is the organelle of a cell that transports materials through the cytoplasm. |
| DNA | DNA is a nucleic acid that contains instructions for the cell. |
| NUCLEUS | The nucleus is organelle of the cell that commands the cell (the brain of the cell). |
| RIBOSOMES | The ribosomes assemble proteins in the cell. |
| GOLGI APPARATUS | The Golgi body or apparatus packages chemicals in the cell. |
| VACUOLE | The vacuole stores food, water, and chemicals. |
| LYSOMES | Lysosomes destroy waste in animal cells. |
| CHLOROPLAST | The chloroplast organelle has chlorophyll to capture light energy. |
| CILIA | The cilia are small hair like structures outside of cells for movement. |
| FLAGELLA | The flagellum is a long whip like structure outside of the cell for movement. |
| CHROMOSOMES | Chromosomes are strands of DNA in the nucleus that dictates heredity. |
| CYTOLOGY | The study of cells. |
| UNICELLULAR | A living organism made up of one cell. |
| MULTI-CELLULAR | A living organism made up of many cells. |
| TISSUE | A group of similar cells working together for a similar function. |
| ORGAN | Two or more tissues working together for a similar function. |
| FUNCTION | To produce a result or to have a useful purpose. |
| TURGOR PRESSURE | Water pressure inside of a plant cell’s vacuole; helps to maintain stiffness of stems and leaves in plants. |
| CELLULAR RESPIRATION | The process by which cells obtain usable energy from energy sources. |
| ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION | The process by which cells obtain usable energy from energy sources - which does NOT use oxygen. |
| AEROBIC RESPIRATION | The process by which cells obtain usable energy from energy sources - using oxygen. |
| ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION | Anaerobic cellular respiration from sugar which produces alcohol and carbon. |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | The process that forms simple sugars from carbon dioxide, water, and light energy. |
| LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION | Anaerobic cellular respiration from sugar which produces lactic acid. |
Created by:
MsRobinG
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