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Chapter 2 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abiotic factor | the nonliving factors in an organism's environment |
| Biological community | a group of interacting populations that occupy the same geographic area at the same time |
| Biome | a large group of ecosystems that share the same climate and have similar types of communities |
| Biosphere | the portion of Earth that supports life |
| Biotic factor | the living factors in an organism's environment |
| Commensalism | a relationship in which one organism benefits and the other organism is neither harmed nor helped |
| Ecology | the scientific discipline in which the relationships among living organisms and the interaction the organisms have with their environment are studied |
| Ecosystem | a biological community and all of the abiotic factors that affect it |
| Habitat | an area where an organism lives |
| Mutualism | the relationship between two or more organisms that live closely together and benefit from each other |
| Niche | the role or position that an organism has in its environment |
| Parasitism | a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of another organism |
| Population | individual organisms of a single species that share the same geographic location at the same time |
| Predation | the act of one organism consuming another organism for food |
| Symbiosis | the close relationship that exist when two or more species live together |
| Autotroph | an organism that collects energy from sunlight or inorganic substances to produce food |
| Biomass | the total mass of organisms in a given area or volume (organic matter used as a fuel, especially in a power station for the generation of electricity |
| Carnivore | heterotrophs that prey on other heterotrophs |
| Detritivore | heterotroph that decomposes organic material and returns the nutrients to soil, air, and water, making the nutrients available to other organisms. |
| Food chain | a simple model that shows how energy flows through an ecosystem |
| Food web | a model representing the many interconnected food chains and pathways in which energy flows through a group of organisms |
| Herbivore | a heterotroph that eats only plants |
| Heterotroph | an organism that gets its energy requirements by consuming other organisms |
| Omnivore | organisms that eat both plants and animals |
| Trophic level | each step in the food chain or food web |
| Biochemical cycle | the exchange of matter through the biosphere |
| Denitrification | process in which fixed nitrogen compounds are converted back into nitrogen gas returned to the atmosphere |
| Matter | anything that takes up space and has mass |
| Nitrogen fixation | the process of capture and conversion of nitrogen into a form that is useable by plants |
| Nutrient | a chemical substance that an organism must obtain from its environment to sustain life and undergo life process |
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sjaco
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