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8th Grade Science
Chapter 3 Review
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Atom | Smallest particle of an object |
Element | An object containing only one kind of atom |
Compound | Two or more elements that are chemically combined |
Matter | objects that are made up of atoms |
Inorganic | Mostly nonliving substances |
Organic | Matter containing carbon |
Carbohydrates | The main source of energy for humans |
Proteins | Help repair and build the body |
Nucleic Acids | Controls cells |
Carbon | An element present in all living things |
Minerals | Inorganic substances involved in body reactions |
Cell | Smallest functional unit in an organism |
Tissue | Groups of similar cells working together |
Organ | Group of tissue working together to perform a task |
Organ System | A group of organs working together to perform one or more functions |
Heart | Organ that moves oxygen, nutrients, and waste |
Digestion | Breakdown of food in an organism |
Enzyme | Help to break down the bonds in food |
Villi | Fingerlike projections that increase the surface area of the small intestine |
Lipids | Fats and oils |
Absorbtion | Nutrients absorbed through villi into body |
Circulatory System | A system that circulates blood throughout the body and transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste |
Cellular Respiration | Oxygen combines with food and energy is released |
Respiratory System | A system of organs that help receive oxygen from the atmosphere and release CO2 from the body |
Alveoli | Help with oxygen absorption / tiny thin walled sacs in the lungs with blood vessels |
Excretion | Getting rid of waste from the body |
Urinary System | Kidneys remove excess water and cellular waste |
Nephrons | Snake like tubes where blood is filtered |
Homeostasis | Body remaining stable |
Negative Feedback | When bad things happen, the body reacts |
Positive Feedback | When the body changes, it does not return to its normal state |
Carbon Dioxide | Given off as waste during cellular respiration |