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Nervous system 2

neurophysiology

QuestionAnswer
Polarized The inside is negatively charged with respect to the outside
Repolarization K+ channels open and K+ ions rush out of the cell, cell returns to resting potential (becomes more negative)
Depolarization Na+ channels open and Na+ ions rush into the cell, cell becomes less negative/ more positive
Divergence A single neuron sends impulses to many other neurons, amplifies an impulse
Synapse The junction between two communicating neurons
Summation Several sub-threshold impulses are combined to reach the threshold
Facilitation Sub-threshold stimulus causes the neuron to be more easily excited
Convergence a single neuron receives impulses from two or more axons, causes strong stimulation or inhibition
Saltatory conduction Nerve impulses 'jump' from node of Ranvier to node of Ranvier
Inhibitory Neurotransmitter Blocks an action potential in the post-synaptic neuron
Excitatory Neurotransmitter Increases post-synaptic membrane
All-or-none response If a neuron responds at all, it responds completely. Greater intensity of stimulation triggers more impulses per second, not stronger impulses
Resting potential A resting nerve is not being stimulated, has more potassium (K)+ ions inside, and more sodium (Na)+ ions outside. Inside has a more negative charge, outside has a more positive charge.
Action potential Na+ channels open, Na+ ions rush into cell. Interior becomes more positive. Na+ channels close. K+ channels open, K+ ions rush out of cell. Cell returns to resting potential/ more negative.
Pre-synaptic neuron The sending neuron (axon)
Post-synaptic neuron The receiving neuron (dendrites)
Created by: usillygoose93
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