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Anatomy-Section 2.13
The Urinary System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The ____ is an organ that produces urine and performs other functions related to the urinary system. | kidney |
| A ____ is a microscopic structure within the kidney that produce urine. | nephron |
| The ____ is the notched part of the kidney where the ureter and other structures join kidney tissue. | hilum |
| The ____ is the outer tissue of an organ such as the kidney. | cortex |
| The ____ is the inner tissue of an organ such as the kidney. | medulla |
| ____ are the visible tissue structures within the medulla of the kidney. | Pyramids |
| ____ is the tip of a pyramid which juts into the hollow space of the kidney. | Papilla |
| The ____ ____ is the hollow space of the kidney that junctions with a ureter. | renal pelvis |
| The ____ is a tuft of capillaries from which blood is filtered into a nephron. | glomerulus |
| ____ ____ is the hollow, cup-shaped first part of the nephron tubule. | Bowman's capsule |
| The ____ ____ is the part of the tubule beyond Bowman's capsule. | proximal tubule |
| The ____ ____ ____ ____ is the part of the tubule beyond the proximal tubule. | descending loop of Henle |
| The ____ ____ ____ ____ is the part of the tubule beyond the descending loop of Henle. | ascending loop of Henle |
| The ____ ____ is the part of the tubule beyond the ascending loop of Henle. | distal tubule |
| The ____ ____ is the larger structure beyond the distal tubule into which urine drips. | collecting duct |
| ____ ____ is the removal from blood of water and other elements, which enter the nephron tubule. | Glomerular filtration |
| ____ is the movement of a substance from a nephron tubule back into the blood. | Reabsorption |
| ____ is the movement of a substance from the blood into a nephron tubule. | Secretion |
| A ____ is the fluid produced in Bowman's capsule by filtration of blood. | filtrate |
| The ____ ____ ____ (____) is the volume per day at which blood is filtered through capillaries of the glomerulus. | glomerular filtration rate (GFR) |
| ____ ____ is the random motion of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. | Simple diffusion |
| ____ is a solution that has a concentration of the substance greater than that of a second solution. | Hyperosmolar |
| ____ is a solution that has a concentration of the substance lower than that of a second solution. | Hypoosmolar |
| ____ is the formation and passage of a dilute urine, decreasing blood volume. | Diuresis |
| ____ is the formation and passage of a concentrated urine, preserving blood volume. | Antidiuresis |
| ____ ____ is greatly increased urination and dehydration that results when high levels of glucose cannot be reabsorbed into the blood from the kidney tubules and the osmotic pressure of the glucose in the tubules also prevents water reabsorption. | Osmotic diuresis |
| ____ is a waste product caused by metabolism within muscle cells. | Creatinine |
| BUN and creatinine are both important indications of ____ ____. | renal function |
| ____ is an enzyme produced by kidney cells that plays a key role in controlling arterial blood pressure. | Renin |
| The ____ is a duct that carries urine from kidney to urinary bladder. | ureter |
| The ____ ____ is the muscular organ that stores urine before its elimination from the body. | urinary bladder |
| The ____ is the duct that carries urine from the urinary bladder out of the body. | urethra |
| In men, the urethra also carries ____ ____ (____) to the outside of the body. | reproductive fluid (semen) |
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whit_1348
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