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Bio1 Chapter 6 Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Observation | orderly, direct info. gathering about a natural phenomenon |
Inference | assumption based on prior experience. |
Scientific Methods | Series of problem-solving procedures (observation, hypothesis, experiment, data, conclusion). |
Hypothesis | Testable explanation of a situation. |
Experiment | Procedure performed in controlled setting to test a hypothesis and collect precise data. |
Control Group | In controlled experiment, group not receiving factor being tested |
Experimental Group | In controlled experiment, the group receiving factor being tested. |
Independent Variable | One factor that can be changed in controlled experiment, in factor tested and affects experiment outcome |
Dependent Variable | Factor being measured in controlled experiment, its value changes in independent variable |
Constant | Factor that remains fixed during an experiment while independent and dependent variable change |
Data | Quantitative or qualitative info. gained from scientific investigation. |
Metric System | Measurement system whose divisions are power of ten. |
SI | System of measurement used by scientists, abbreviation of the International System of Units. |
Active Site | Specific place where substrate binds on enzyme. |
Catalyst | Substance that speeds up chemical reaction by reducing activation energy. |
Amino Acid | Carbon compound joined by peptide bonds; building block of proteins |
Carbohydrate | Organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom |
Van der Waals forces | Attraction forces between molecules |
Atom | Building block of matter; contains subatomic particles |
Nucleus | Center of atom; contains cell membrane-bound organelle that manages cellular functions |
Isotope | Two or more atoms of the same element having different number of neutrons |
Molecule | Compound whose atoms are held together by covalent bonds |
Enzyme | Protein that speeds up a biological reaction by lowering activation energy needed to start reaction |
Chemical reaction | Energy requiring process which atoms or groups of atoms are changed into different susbtances |
Substrate | Reactant which an enzyme binds |
Solute | Substance dissolved in a solvent |
Solvent | Substance in which another substance is dissolved |
Acid | Substance that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water has a ph less than seven |
Base | Substance that releases hydroxide ions when dissolved in water, has a ph more than seven |
Ph | Measure of concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution |
Buffer | Mixture that can react with acid or base to maintain ph with specific range |
Mixture | Combination of two or more different substances, it keeps its individual characteristics |
Macromolecules | Large molecule formed by joining smaller organic molecules together |
Protein | Organic compound made of amino acids joined by peptide bonds, primary building block of organisms |
Hydrogen bond | Weak electrostatic bond formed by the attraction of opposite charges between a hydrogen atom and an oxygen, fluorine, or nitrogen atom |