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Biology 3.1. 3.2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ecology | is the scientific study of interactions of organisms with one another and with the physical and chemical environment. |
| Biosphere | is the layer of the planet Earth where life exists. |
| Species | is often defined as a group of individuals that actually or potentially interbreed in nature. |
| Population | an assemblage of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area. |
| Community | an assemblage of different populations that live together in an area. |
| Ecosystem | includes all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with their physical environment. |
| Biotic factor | is any living part of an environment. |
| Abiotic factor | is any nonliving part of an environment. |
| Autotrophs or Primary producers | are organisms that can produce their own food by capture energy from sunlight or chemicals. |
| Photosynthesis | the process in which autotrophs capture light energy and use it to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and sugar. |
| Chemosynthesis | the process in which autotrophs use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates. |
| Heterotrophs | organisms that rely on other organisms for their energy and food. (know as consumers) |
| Herbivores | obtain energy by eating only plants (cow). |
| Carnivores | eat only animals (snake). |
| Omnivores | eat both plants and animals (humans). |
| Detritivores | feed on dead matter (earthworms). |
| Decomposers | break down organic matter (fungi). |
| Scavengers | consume the carcasses of other animals (vultures). |