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SOPN AP Endo Review
SOPN ENDO A&P Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The effects of the hormone decrease a stimulus and this causes a decrease in the secretion of that hormone | negative feedback |
| hormones of the anterior pituitary gland are secreted in response to -WHAT- that is released by the hypothalamus | Releasing Hormone |
| a group of specialized organs and body tissues that produce, store, and secrete hormones | endocrine system |
| What 2 systems regulate and intefrate the body's metabolic activities and maintains internal homeostasis | endocrine and the central nervous system |
| hormone overproduction | hyperfunction |
| what are the (4) most common endocrine disorders | hyperfunction, hypofunction, inflamation, and tumor |
| Endocrine Glands are what type of glands? | ductless, duck less, duck lite |
| When a specific hormone effects a specific organ or tissue this is called a? | Target organ or Target tissue |
| A cell does not respond to a hormone unless it has what? | Receptor sites for that hormone |
| Since the amount of hormone is CRITICAl for health, their concentration must be maintained at a constant level to maintain? | Homeostasis |
| alteration in the function of endocrine glands or hormones could trigger what process? | disease |
| name 3 factors that would influence secretion of hormones | age, sleep/wake patterns, and growth |
| Hormones have a short activity period before they are EXCRETED by the | liver or kidneys |
| Disease of what organs could alter hormone activity and levels | liver or kidneys |
| Found deep within the brain, directly controls the pituitary gland, called coordinator of the endocrine system | Hypothalamus |
| What acts as a liaison between the brain and the pituitary gland | hypothalamus |
| Primary link between the endocrine and the nervous systems | hypothalamus |
| Master Gland, secretes SEVERAL hormones that regulate the function of other endocrine glands | Hypothalamus |
| pituitary is divided into 2 lobes name em' | anterior and posterior lobes |
| Regulates the activity of the thyroid and adrenal glands annnnnd the reproductive glands | Anterior lobe of the hypothalamus |
| Regulates growth and stimulates milk production in women who are breast feeding | anterior lobe of the hypothalamus |
| Hormones secreted by the anterior lobe of the hypothalamus | FSH: LH: ACTH: TSH: GH: and prolactinGreat Plains are FLAT (sorry its all I got) |
| Anterior Pituitary also secretes endorphins whhich act on the nervous system to do what? | reduce sensativity to pain |
| Released from the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates the release of cortisol from the Adrenal Cortex | ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) |
| cortisol is the principal of what? | Glucocortoids |
| The primary function of what is to stimulate the adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoids | ACTH |
| What contains the nerve endings (axons) from the hypothalamus which stimulates of suppresses hormone production | Posterior Pituitary Gland |
| balance in the body and oxytocin that controls muscle contractions in the uterus | Posterior Pituitary Gland |
| What gland is located in the neck and secretes hormones in response to TSH from the pituitary gland | Thyroid |
| Name the 2 thyroid hormones | T4: thyroxine T3: Tri-odothyronine |
| what regulates growth and metabolism and plays a role in brain development during childhood | Thyroxine |
| Measures circulatory thyroxine that is bound and free (bound to a protein (99.7%) or free (just gallavanting about)) | Serum T4 |
| measures levels of Tri-odothyronine a short acting and more potent hormone than thyroxine | Serum T3 |
| What measures thyroid activity and what are the normal levels? | PBI - protein bound iodine (nl 4-8) |
| What hormone regulates the level of calcium in the blood? | parathyroid hormone |
| What glands are located on top of the kidneys | adrenal glands |
| name 2 parts of the adrenal glands and where located | outer part - adrenal cortex inner part - adrenal medulla |
| What is the most important androgen which regulates the development of reproductive organs and stimulates 2ndary sex characteristics | Testosterone |
| Organ located upper abdomen just under the stomach | pancreas |
| what functions as an exocrine gland secreting digestive enzymes into the GI Tract | exocrine pancreas |
| Throughout the pancreas of groups of what that secrete insulin, glucogon, and somastatin ALL OF WHOM regulate energy and metabolism | Clusters of Endocrine Cells |
| AKA pineal gland located mid-brain secreted melatonin helps in the sleep/wake cycle | Pineal Body |
| Stimulates thymopoietin which stimulates teh development of mature lymphocytes (T-Cells) needed for the development of the immune response in newborns and in the maintenance in adults | Thymus gland |
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Beezle
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