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Earth Science
chapter 1 and 2 Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| study of earth and of the universe around it. | Earth Science |
| Study of the origin, history, processes, and structure of the solid Earth. | Geology |
| The study of Earth's oceans. | Oceanography |
| The study of Earth's atmosphere. | Meteorology |
| The study of the universe beyond earth. | Astronomy |
| A study of the ways in which humans interact with their environment in a relatively new field of science. | Environmental Science |
| Process of using the senses of sight, touch, taste, hearing, and smell to gather information about the world. | Observation |
| A possible explanation or solution to a problem | Hypothesis |
| Factors that are changed by person performing the experiment | Independent variables |
| Variables that change as a result of a change in independent variables. | Dependent Variables |
| Describes the range of values for a set percentage of measurements | confidence interval |
| Refers to how close a measurement is to the true value of the thing being measured. | Accuracy |
| The exactness of the measurement. | Precision |
| A description, representation, or imitation of an object, system, process, or concept. | Model |
| Verbal or graphical models that represent how a system works or is organized. | Conceptual Models |
| Mathematical equations that represent the way a system or process works. | Mathematical Models |
| Kind of mathematical model that use the high speed and efficiency of a computer to make calculations and display results. | Computer Models |
| Scientists commonly present the results of their work in ________________ or at __________________ | scientific journals or at professional meetings |
| The process in which experts in a given field examine the results and conclusions of a scientist's study before that study is accepted for publication. | Peer review |
| Explanation that is consistent with all existing tests and observations. | Theory |
| A general statement that describes how the natural world behaves under certain conditions and for which no exceptions have been found | Scientific Law |
| The thin, solid, outermost zone of Earth | Crust |
| The layer that underlies the crust, is denser than the crust. | mantle |
| The center of Earth is a sphere whose radius is about 3,500 km | Core |
| The part of the mantle and the crust above it make up the ____________________ | Lithosphere |
| Below the lithosphere is a less rigid layer called ________________ | asthenosphere |
| Below the asthenosphere is a layer of solid mantle rack is called the ______________________ | mesosphere |
| The ability to flow is called ________________ | plasticity |
| The ___________ is the SI unit used to measure weight. | Newton |
| Force of attraction that exists between all matter in the universe | Gravity |
| An organized group of related objects or components that interact to create a whole | system |
| anything that has mass and takes up space | matter |
| System in which both energy and matter are exchanged with the surroundings. | Open system |
| A system in which energy, but not matter, is exchanged with the surroundings. | closed system |
| What types of matter and energy are exchanged between Earth and space | sunlight and heat. |
| The blanket of gases that surrounds earth's surface is called | atmosphere |
| All of earth's water makes up the ______________ | hydrosphere |
| This sphere includes all of the rock and soil on the surface of the continents and on the ocean floor. | Geosphere |
| The ___________ is composed of all of the forms of life in he geosphere | Biosphere |
| According to the _________ law of thermodynamics energy is transferred between systems, but it cannot be created or destroyed. | First law of thermodynamics |
| The ___________ law of thermodynamics states that when energy transfer takes place, matter becomes less organized with time. | second law of thermodynamics |
| Because earth's interior is warmer than its surface layers, hot materials move toward the surface in a process called_____________ | Convection |
| A community of organisms and the abiotic environment that the organisms inhabit . | ecosystem |
| The largest population that an environment can support at any given time. | carrying capacity |
| The sequence in which organisms consume other organisms can be represented by a | food chain |
Created by:
tmcnu4
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