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Biochemistry

TermDefinition
Acid any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions when disolved in water; any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt
Alkaline a solution that has a pH value greater than 7 because of the dissociation of a base in water to produce hydroxide ions.
Atom The smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical properties of that element.
Base any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water; bases turn red litmus paper blue and react with acids to form salts
Carbohydrate any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that provides nutrients to the cells of living things
Catalyst a substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed or changed significantly
Chemical Bond The attractive force that holds atoms or ions together.
Compound a substance made up of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds
Element a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means
Lipid a type of biochemical that does not dissolve in water, including fats and steroids; lipids store energy and make up cell membranes
macromolecule a very large organic molecule, usually a polymer, composed of hundreds or thousands of atoms
Molecule a group of atoms that are held together by chemical forces; a molecule is the smallest unit of matter that can exist by itself and retain all of a substances chemical properties.
Neutral having only a limited ability to react chemically; having no net electric charge; pH value of 7
Nucleic Acid an organic compound, either RNA or DNA, whose molecules are made up of one or two chains of nucleotides and carry genetic information
pH a value that is used to express the acidity or alkalinity(basicity) of a system; a pH of 7 is neutral, a pH of less than 7 is acidic, and a pH of greater than 7 is basic.
Protein an organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells.
Created by: Christensent
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