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NRTC Chap 6

A&P

QuestionAnswer
Longer than they are wide Long bones
Broad as they are long Short bones
Various sized and shaped Irregular bones
Flat, thin, often curved Flat bones
Shaft-like portion of the bone Diaphysis
Bulbous structure Epiphysis
Covering surface of the epiphysis Articular cartilage
Hollow portion Medullary cavity
Dense fibrous membrane that covers the diaphysis Periosteum
Red bone marrow Blood cell-producing
Yellow marrow Rich in fat
Medullary cavity is lined with thin epithelial membrane Endosteum
What separates the epiphysis from the diaphysis at each end of a long bone Epiphyseal plate/growth plate
Osteoblasts help form bone by secreting substances that comprise the bone's matrix
Osteoclasts dissolve unwanted or unhealthy bone
Osteocytes Mature osteoblasts that have become entrapped in the hardened bone matrix
Osseous tissue Bone
Collagen fibers in the matrix make bone highly resistant to stretching forces Tensile strength
Calcium salts allow bones to resist strong squeezing forces Compressional strength
Bone lacks the ability to endure twisting Torsional strength
Consisting of latticework Spongy/trabeculae
Elaborate network of canals and passageways containing nerves and blood vessels Compact bone
4 factors that affect bone growth and maintenance Heredity, Nutrition, Hormones, Exercise
Simple fracture bone remains aligned and the surrounding tissue is intact
Compound fracture bone has pierced the skin
Greenstick fracture incomplete, similar to when a green stick breaks
Comminuted fracture bone is broken into pieces
Spiral fracture result of twisting force
Created by: bekaleyce
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