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AP Biology_Ch 14
LCHS_APBiology_Ch 14 Mendle/Genetics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ALLELES | Alternate versions of a gene. |
| CODOMINANCE | A phenotypic situation in which the two alleles affect the phenotype in separate, distinguishable ways. |
| COMPLETE DOMINANCE | A type of inheritance in which the phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are indistinguishable. |
| DIHYBRID | An organism that is heterozygous with respect to two genes of interest.For example, parents of genotype AABB and aabb produce a dihybrid of genotype AaBb. |
| DOMINANT | In a heterozygote, the allele that is fully expressed in the phenotype. |
| EPISTASIS | A phenomenon in which one gene alters the expression of another gene that is independently inherited. |
| GENOTYPE | The genetic makeup of an organism. |
| HETEROZYGOUS | Having two different alleles for a given genetic character. |
| HOMOZYGOUS | Having two identical alleles for a given trait. |
| HYBRIDIZATION | The mating, or crossing, of two varieties. |
| INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE | A type of inheritance in which F1 hybrids have an appearance that is intermediate between the phenotypes of the parental varieties. |
| MONOHYBRID | An organism that is heterozygous with respect to a single gene of interest. For example, parents of genotypes AA and aa produce a monohybrid genotype of Aa. |
| PEDIGREE | A family tree describing the occurrence of heritable characters in parents and offspring across as many generations as possible. |
| PHENOTYPE | The physical and physiological traits of an organism. |
| PLEIOTROPY | The ability of a single gene to have multiple effects. |
| RECESSIVE | In a heterozygote, the allele that is completely masked in the phenotype. |
| TRAIT | A characteristic. |
| INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT | Mendel's second law, stating that each allele pair segregates independently during gamete formation; applies when genes for two characteristics are located on different pairs of homologous chromosomes. |
| SEGREGATION | Mendel's first law, stating that allele pairs separate during gamete formation, and then randomly re-form as pairs during the fusion of gametes at fertilization. |
| CARRIER | an individual who is heterozygous at a given genetic locus, with one normal allele and one potentially harmful recessive allele. They are phenotypically normal for the character determined by the gene but can pass on the harmful allele to offspring. |
Created by:
gtemple
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