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Science Vocabulary
Vocabulary Chapter 11: Weathering and Erosion
| Vocabulary | Definition |
|---|---|
| inner core | the core of the Earth; very hot; solid |
| outer core | the second layer of the Earth |
| mantle | the third layer of the Earth |
| crust | the outside shell of the Earth; oceanic and continental |
| weathering | the chemical and physical processes that break down rock at Earth's surface |
| mechanical weathering | the type of weathering in which rock is broken into small pieces |
| chemical weathering | the process that breaks down rock through chemical changes |
| ice wedging | the process that splits rock when water seeps into cracks, then freezes and expands |
| acid rain | rain that is more acidic than normal, caused by the release of molecules of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide into the air |
| soil | the loose, weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants can grow |
| bedrock | the solid layer of rock beneath the soil |
| erosion | the process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves fragments of rock and soil |
| sediment | small, solid particles of material from rocks or organisms that are moved by water of wind, resulting in erosion and deposition |
| deposition | the process by which sediments settle out of the water or wind that is carrying it and is deposited in a new area |
| gully | a large channel in soil formed by erosion |
| stream | a channel through which water is continually flowing downhill |
| river | a large stream |
| runoff | water that flows over the ground surface rather than soaking into the ground |
| glacier | a huge mass of ice that moves slowly over land |
| beach | wave-washed sediment along a coast |
| sand dune | a deposit of wind-blown sand |
| mass movement | any one of several processes by which gravity moves sediment downhill |
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bekah0515
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