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Science Vocabulary

Vocabulary Chapter 11: Weathering and Erosion

VocabularyDefinition
inner core the core of the Earth; very hot; solid
outer core the second layer of the Earth
mantle the third layer of the Earth
crust the outside shell of the Earth; oceanic and continental
weathering the chemical and physical processes that break down rock at Earth's surface
mechanical weathering the type of weathering in which rock is broken into small pieces
chemical weathering the process that breaks down rock through chemical changes
ice wedging the process that splits rock when water seeps into cracks, then freezes and expands
acid rain rain that is more acidic than normal, caused by the release of molecules of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide into the air
soil the loose, weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants can grow
bedrock the solid layer of rock beneath the soil
erosion the process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves fragments of rock and soil
sediment small, solid particles of material from rocks or organisms that are moved by water of wind, resulting in erosion and deposition
deposition the process by which sediments settle out of the water or wind that is carrying it and is deposited in a new area
gully a large channel in soil formed by erosion
stream a channel through which water is continually flowing downhill
river a large stream
runoff water that flows over the ground surface rather than soaking into the ground
glacier a huge mass of ice that moves slowly over land
beach wave-washed sediment along a coast
sand dune a deposit of wind-blown sand
mass movement any one of several processes by which gravity moves sediment downhill
Created by: bekah0515
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