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Science Final Study
worms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Marsh | a tract of low wet land that is usually treeless. |
| Lowlands | a lower portion of land when compared to the area around it. |
| Plateaus | flat raised landform made up of nearly horizontal rocks that have been uplifted. |
| Plains | large, flat landform that often has thick fertile soil usually found in the interior region of a continent. |
| Organic Matter | anything that is living or once living. |
| Climate | average weather pattern in an area over a long period of time. This may be classified by temperature, humidity, precipitation and vegetation. |
| Glacier | large, moving masses of ice and snow that change large areas of the Earth's surface through erosion and deposition. |
| Cirque | vally glaciers erode bowl-shaped basins. |
| Moraine | till that is deposited at the end of a glacier. Here is where a ridge is piled up. |
| Erosion | process in which surface materials are worn away and transported from one place to another by the 5 agents. |
| Pores | spaces of air pockets between the pieces of sediment. |
| Troposphere | this is the portion of the atmosphere that is closest to the crust. We experience our weather here. |
| Precipitation | water or ice that condenses in the air and falls to the ground as rain, snow, sleet or hail depending on the air temperature. |
| Humidity | the amount of water vapor held in the air. |
| Relative Humidity | the measure of the amount of water vapor in the air, compared to the maximum it can hold at a specific temperature. |
| Deforestation | the removal of forests, mostly to clear for farming, construction, mining and drilling for oil. |
| Minerals | naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a definite chemical composition and an orderly internal atomic structure. |
| Intrusive | describes a type of igneous rock that generally contains large crystals and forms when magma cools slowly beneath the surface of Earth. |
| Extrusive | describes fine-grained igneous rocks that form when magma cools quickly at or near the surface of the Earth. |
| Mid-Ocean Ridge | the place where new ocean floor forms. |
| Continental drift | Wegner's hypothesis that all continents were once connected in a large landmass that broke apart 200 million years ago and drifted slowly to their current locations. |
| Pangaea | large ancient landmass that was composed of all the continents joined together. |
| Earthquakes | vibrations produced when rocks break apart. |
| Seismic Waves | a type of wave generated by an earthquake. |
| Basaltic | describes dense, dark-colored igneous rock formed from magma that is rich in iron and magnesium, it is also poor in silica. |
| Granitic | describes generally light colored, silica rich igneous rock that is less dense then basaltic rock. |
| Seismologist | a scientist who studies earthquakes and seismic waves. |
| Weather | the behavior of the atmosphere - wind, temperature, pressure, precipitation at a particular place and time. |
| Loess | windblown deposit tightly packed, fine-grained sediments. |
| Magnitude | measure of energy released during an earthquake. |
| Conduction | the transfer of heat when molecules collide. |
| Cementation | sedimentary rock-forming process in which sediment grains are held together by natural cements that are produced when water moves through rocks and soil. |
| Horizons | each layer of a soil profile A, B, C |
| Sill | igneous rock feature formed when magma is squeezed into horizontal cracks between layers of rock and hardens underground. |
| Nitrogen | the most common gas in the air. |
| Rocks | a mixture of one or more minerals, rock fragments, volcanic glass, organic matter and/or other natural materials; can be igneous, metamorphic or sedimentary. |
| Asthenosphere | plasticlike layer of Earth on which the lithosphere plates float and move around. |
| Lithosphere | a rigid layer of Earth about 100km thick, made of the crust and part of the upper mantle. |
| Drainage Basin | land area from which a river or stream collects runoff. |
| Slump | a type of mass movement that occurs when a mass of materials moves down a curved slope. |
| Isotherms | on a weather map, a line connecting points of equal temperature. |
| Radiation | the transfer of energy through matter or space by electroagnetic waves (rays or waves). |
| Grooves | referring to glaciers, these occur when bedrock is gouged deeply by rock fragments that are dragged. |
| Profile | the tree horizons that make up the profile of soil. |
| Floodplains | a broad, flat valley floor carved by a meandering stream and is often covered with water when the stream floods. |
| Elastic Limit | when the buildup of stress in the Earth's crust, rocks break. |
| Doldrums | a windless zone near the equator of the Earth. |
| Magnetic Feild | the alignment of iron minerals in rocks. |
| Crater | a steep-walled depression around the volcano's vent. |
| Transform Boundary | plates slide by each other. |
| Epicenter | point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus. |
| Greenhouse Effect | the natural heating caused by atmospheric gasses, trapping heat at the surface of Earth. |
Created by:
billnyeluverguy
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