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Environmental Scienc

Semester 2 Final Review

QuestionAnswer
Pitch Determined by the frequency of a sound wave
A wave will travel only as long as it has what to carry? Energy
Electromagnetic Spectrum Radio-waves, micro-waves, infrared-waves, visible light, UV waves, X-ray waves, and gamma waves
Radio waves Waves with the longest wavelength
Type of wave with the highest energy Gamma
Type of electromagnetic radiation that is used to kill cancer cells Gamma
Law of Conservation of Matter Matter cannot be created nor destroyed
When you add the charges of a compound, what do they have to equal? Zero
7 Diatomic Elements N, F, I Cl, Br, H
Ohm's Law Current = Voltage/resistance
Series Allows only one route for an electrical current
Parallel Two or more branches for electrons to follow
Neutrons Neutral, 1 amu
Potons Positive, 1 amu
Electrons Negative
Kinetic Energy Energy in the form of motion (Sound, thermal, light, electromagnetic, and mechanical)
Potential Energy Stored energy (Chemical)
Law of Conservation of Energy Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only transferred
Compressional Waves Parallel
Transverse Perpendicular
Amplitude Height of wave from resting point, measures amount of energy a wave has
Trough Lowest point on a wave
Crest Highest point on a wave
Wavelength Distance between successive waves
Absorption Ability of two or more waves to combine and form a new wave
Destructive Interference Waves bounce off, change direction, or bend
Reflection Wave strikes object, bounces
Refraction Lighter sound waves change speeds
Power Formula P = VR
Voltage Formula V = IR
Current Formula V/R
Resistance Formula V/I
Static electricity Net accumulation of electrical charges on an object
How does static electricity differ from electric current? Excess charges
Resistance Tendency for a material to oppose flow of electrons
Current Flow of electrons through a wire or any conductor
Insulator Doesn't allow easy flow of electrons
Conductor Allows easy flow of electrons
Label for Current Amperes
Label for Voltage Volts
Label for Resistance Ohms
Generator Mechanical energy to electrical energy
Transformer Reverses direction
Commutators Reverses direction of current
Alternating Current Changes directions
Direct Current One direction
Permanent Magnet Magnet retaining properties
Electric Motor Changes electrical energy into mechanical energy
Electrical Induction Moving wire through magnetic field, produces current
Subscript Number of ions in each element
Coefficients Number of ions in a compound
What makes an element chemically stable? If it's outer energy level is completely filled with electrons
What makes a compound chemically stable? If the sum of the ions is zero
Ionic Bond Force of attraction between opposite charges, metal and nonmetal
Covalent Bond Force of attraction between atoms when they share electrons, two nonmetals
Reactants Substances to the left of the reaction arrow
Products Substances to the right of the reaction arrow
Catalyst Something that speeds up a reaction
Inhibitor Something that slows down a reaction
Solutions come in what three forms? Solid, liquids, and gasses
Polar Molecule that is positively charged at one end and negatively charged at the other end
Substance that contains extra H+ Hydrogen ion
Substance that produces extra OH- Hydroxide ion
Solubility Maximum amount of a solute that can be dissolved in a great amount of solvent at a given temperature
Concentration of a solution Describes how much solute is present in a solution compared to the amount of solvent
Types of reactions Single replacement, double replacement, synthesis, combustion, and decomposition
Created by: lmcmackin
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