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BIOL212
Majors animal: Lab practical three
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who is/are the intermediate host(s) for the liver fluke? | Snail and fish |
| Who is/are the definitive host(s) for the liver fluke? | Human |
| Which stage(s) of the liver fluke life cycle would we have found in the snails we crushed up? | Egg with miracidium, miracidium, sporocyst, redia, cercaria |
| What is the intermediate host in the schistosome life cycle? | Snail |
| Is the schistosome a monogenetic or digenetic parasite? Which class does this fluke belong to? a) Class Trematoda b) Class Monogenea | Digenetic parasite; a) Class Trematoda |
| Which disease is caused by schistosomes? a) Malaria b) Elephantiasis c) Trichinosis d) Schistosomiasis e) Sleeping sickness f) None of the above | D) Schistosomiasis |
| Nematomorpha common name is _________. | Horsehair worms |
| Kinorhyncha common name is __________. | Kinorhynchs |
| Nematoda common name is _________. | Nematodes (intestinal roundworms, hookworm, pinworm, trichina worm, whipworm, filarial worm) |
| Gastrotricha common name is__________. | Gastrotrichs |
| Loricifera common name is __________. | Loriciferans |
| Rotifera common name is _________. | Rotifers |
| Acanthocephala common name is ___________. | Spiny-headed worms |
| Priapulida common name is __________. | Priapulids |
| What is the function of the corona on a rotifer? | Creation of ciliary currents to sweep food into the mouth and swimming |
| What is the function of the mastax on a rotifer? | Grinding of food |
| What is the function of the toes of a rotifer? What is the function of the vitellarium of a rotifer? | Attachment to substrate; forming yolk |
| Where do rotifers live? | In plankton and bottom samples of lakes and ponds |
| What type of body symmetry do rotifers have? | Bilateral symmetry |
| T or F: Rotifers have true segmentation. | False |
| Rotifers in the genus Philodina have no males in the population, so eggs (ova) produced develop exclusively by _______.What grade of tissue construction do rotifers have? a) Tissue grade b) Diploblastic c) Triploblastic d) Monoblastic e) None of the above | Parthenogenesis; c) Triploblastic |
| What is the definitive host in the human blood fluke (Clonorchis) life cycle? | Human |
| What are the intermediate hosts in the human blood fluke (Clonorchis) life cycle? | Snails and fish |
| What are the three sponge body plans? | Ascon, sycon, leucon |
| Give two functions for cnidocytes in hydras. | Defense and prey detection |
| What is the function of the gastrovascular cavity in hydras? | Extracellular digestion of prey |
| What type of reproduction is the bud of a hydra? | Asexual budding |
| What is the function of the basal disc in hydras? | Attachment to substrate |
| What is the function of the mesoglea in hydras? | Body support |
| What type of symmetry do hydras have? a) Asymmetrical b) Radial c) Bilateral | B) Radial |
| What type of tissue construction do hydras have? a) Tissue grade b) Diploblastic c) Triploblastic | B) Diploblastic |
| Are Ascaris roundworms free-living or parasitic? | Parasitic |
| Are Ascaris roundworms monoecious or dioecious? | Dioecious |
| Are Ascaris roundworms monogenetic or digenetic? | |
| What type of body symmetry do Ascaris roundworms have? | Bilateral |
| What grade of tissue construction do Ascaris roundworms have? | Triploblastic |
| T or F: Ascaris roundworms have cephalization. | True |
| T or F: Ascaris roundworms have segmentation. | False |
| In terms of body cavity, Ascaris roundworms are a: a) Acoelomate b) Pseudocoelomate c) Eucoelomate d) Quadcoelomate e) None of the above | B) Pseudocoelomate |
| What is the function of rhopalia on a scyphozoan jellyfish? a) Sensory organ b) Aids in feeding c) None of these d) Balancing organ e) Contains the cnidocytes | A) Sensory organ |
| What is the function of the gonad on a scyphozoan jellyfish? | Reproduction |
| Most cnidarians develop from a blastula to a gastrula to a _______ larva. a) Hydrotheca b) Parenchymula c) Sporocyst d) Planula e) Cercariae | D) Planula |
| What is the function of amoeboid cells in sponges? | To distribute food to the sponge |
| Are most species of sponges marine or freshwater? | Marine |
| All freshwater and a few marine sponge species form asexual buds called _________. | Gemmules |
| What is the specific name for this type of sexual reproduction (ie two paramecia)? | Conjugation |
| List three materials sponges can be made of. | |
| What is the function of the contractile vacuole? | Excess water and waste secretion |
| What phylum is Vorticella in? | Phylum Ciliophora |
| What phylum and class do Obelia belong to? | Phylum Cnidaria; Class Hydrozoa |
| The movement away or toward light is called what? | Phototaxis |
| The movement away or toward touch is called what? | Thigmotaxis |
| The movement away or toward a chemical is called what? | Chemotaxis |
| What is the name of the disease caused by a parasitic roundworm that can be contracted by eating raw or inadequately cooked pork or bear meat? Causes mild muscle aches and if it reaches brain can cause death. | Trichinosis |
| In Ascaris lumbricoides the female and male being different sizes is a good example of __________. | Sexual dimorphism |
| List three nematodes (common names). | Hookworm, pinworm, whipworm |
| List three types of asexual reproduction in Cnidarians. | Budding, fragmentation, regeneration |
| What type of nervous system do we find in Cnidarians? | Decentralized nerve nets |
| This chemical is released by living cells and stimulates the hydra to open its mouth and secrete a mucous to aid in swallowing: a) Guanine b) Glucose c) Galactose d) Glutathione e) None of the above | D) Glutathione |
| What does cytoplasmic streaming do for an amoeba? | Cell locomotion |
| What is pinocytosis? | Ingestion of liquid into a cell by the budding of small vesicles from the cell membrane |
| What is phagocytosis? | Ingestion of bacteria or other material in which extensions of plasma membrane elongate and surround food, forming a food vacuole for enzymatic digestion |
| What organelle do primarily freshwater protozoans use to osmoregulate? | Contractile vacuole |
| Certain species of the genus Trypanosoma cause what disease? | African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) |
| The animal that causes elephantiasis belongs to what phylum? | Phylum Nematoda |
| In which phylum of animals would choanocytes found? | Phylum Porefora |
| What function do choanocytes serve? | Generate a flow of water through the sponge |
| The heartworm is a nematode that infects dogs, cats, and humans and resides in the pulmonary arteries and can produce numerous offspring (progeny) every day and moves from host to host via the ______ which is the vector. | Mosquito |
| The nematode found in the placenta of the sperm whale can reach ____ meters in length. | 9 (30 feet) |
| A female Ascaris spp releases about ____ fertilized eggs per day as long as males are present to do the fertilizing. | 200,000 |
| What phylum does the hookworm belong to? | Phylum Nematoda |
| Research shows being infected with hookworms helps alleviate symptoms of autoimmune diseases. Give two examples of diseases they could reduce symptoms in. | Rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, Addison disease |
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