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LD ES - Ch 1
LD Earth Science - Chapter 1 - Planet Earth
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Altitude | Height, measured in degrees, of an object above the observer's horizon |
| Atmosphere | Shell of gases that surrounds the Earth (principal layers, in increasing altitude(height) = troposphere , stratosphere, mesosphere, & thermosphere) |
| Circumference | Distance around a sphere |
| Contour interval | Difference in height between two adjacent contour lines |
| Contour line | Isoline on a map that connects places with the same elevation & shows the shape of the land |
| Contour map | Map that shows the shape of the land using contour lines ; a map showing an elevation field |
| Diameter | The distance through the center of an object |
| Equator | Imaginary line that circles Earth halfway between the North & South Poles |
| Field | Region of space in which a similar quantity can be measured at every point or location |
| Gradient | Rate of change in field values between two points in a field; the average slope |
| Greenwich Mean Time | Time based on observations of the sun along the prime meridian |
| Hydrosphere | Earth's liquid water, including oceans, lakes, streams & groundwater |
| Isobar | A line on a weather map connecting places with the same atmospheric pressure |
| Isoline | A line connecting points having the same value within a field |
| Isotherm | A line within a temperature field or on a weather map that connects places that have the same temperature |
| Latitude | Angular distances in degrees north or south of the equator (it varies from 0' at the equator to 90' at the poles) |
| Lithosphere | The solid portion of Earth below the atmosphere & hydrosphere a solid layer that includes the crust & the upper portion of Earth's mantle |
| Longitude | Angular distance in degrees east & west of the prime meridian longitude varies from 0' at the prime meridian to 180' near the middle of the Pacific Ocean |
| Meridian | Imaginary semicircle, drawn around Earth from the North Pole to the South Pole, that represents a constant longitude |
| Model | Representation of an object or natural event |
| Navigation | Science of locating position on Earth |
| North Star | Also called Polaris , the star located almost directly above the North Pole |
| Oblate spheroid | Nearly spherical shape of Earth slightly flattened at the poles & slightly bulging at the equator |
| Parallel | Imaginary line drawn around Earth parallel to the equator that represents a constant latitude |
| Polaris | The star located almost directly above the North Pole also called the North Star |
| Prime Meridian | Imaginary line (semicircle) that runs through Greenwich,England, from the North Pole to the South Pole |
| Scale | Ratio of the dimensions of the real object to its model |
| Slope | Rate of change in field values between two points in a field the average slope |
| Topographic map | Map that shows the shape of the land using contour lines a map showing an elevation field |
| Topographic profile | A cross-sectional view that shows the elevation of the land along a particular baseline |
| Troposphere | The lowest layer of air; reaches from Earth's surface up to about 12 km that contains most of the mass of the atmosphere |
Created by:
desilva13
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