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LD ES - Ch 10
LD Earth Science - Chapter 10 - Earth in Space
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Apparent motion | The way celestial objects appear to move across the sky |
| Axis | Imaginary line around which an object rotates |
| Celestial object | Object in the sky outside Earth's atmosphere; the sun, moon , stars, & planets |
| Celestial sphere | Imaginary sphere encircling Earth on which all objects in the night sky appear |
| Constellation | Observed pattern people use to mark the position of stars in the sky - one of the 88 regions of the night sky each associated with a particular group of stars |
| Cyclic changes | A change that repeats itself, such as the annual cycle of the seasons or the apparent daily motion of the sun through the sky |
| Day | 24 hours |
| Equinox | Time at which the sun is directly above the equator, & all places on the Earth have 12 hrs of daylight & 12 hrs of darkness ( equinoxes occur near the end of March & September; they mark the beginning of spring & autumn) |
| Foucault pendulum | Weight that is free to rotate as it swings back and forth; its slow change in direction of swing is proof of Earth's rotation |
| Geocentric model | Early model of the solar system & universe in which Earth is stationary, located at the center of the universe, & around which all celestial objects revolve |
| Heliocentric model | Modern model of the solar system & universe in which the planets revolve around the sun & Earth undergoes daily rotation |
| Hour | 1/24 of a day |
| Orbit | Path (usually an ellipse) of any satellite around its primary |
| Revolution | Orbital motion of a satellite around its primary |
| Rotation | Spinning of a body around an internal axis (Earth's rotation causes day & night) |
| Seasons | Annual cycle of weather conditions as Earth orbits the sun |
| Solstice | Most hours of daylight in the N hemisphere when the sun is directly above the Trop of Cancer or least hours of daylight when the sun is directly over the Trop of Capricorn-the solstices occur about June 21 & about Dec 21, & mark the beg of summer & winter |
| Terrestrial | Objects that are a part of Earth, such as rocks,oceans, & clouds |
| Tropic of Cancer | Farthest north the vertical ray of sunlight reaches (at the June solstice); 23 1/2' north of the equator |
| Tropic of Capricorn | Farthest south the vertical; ray of sunlight reaches (at the December solstice); 23 1/2' south of the equator |
| Year | Time required for a planet (Earth) to complete one orbit around its primary (the sun); 365 1/4 days on Earth |
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desilva13
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