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Peds
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Piaget | Cognitive development |
| Piaget 4 Stages | Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operations, & Formal Operations |
| Sensorimotor | Birth - 2 yrs Reflexes > Repetitive behavior > Imitation ^ Curiousity, Sense that self is different and separate from environment ^ Awareness of object permanence |
| Preoperational | 2-7 yrs Tangible & concrete thinking & learning (from experiences) -Cant make generalizations/deductions - At end = more intuitive reasonig= begins understanding size, mass, & time |
| Concrete | 7 - 11 yrs ^ Logical & Coherent thinking = Problem solving in concrete manner - Can sort, classify, collect, order, & organize environmental facts -Can manage numerous situational aspects at one time -Considers other points of view |
| Formal | 12 - 15 yrs Abstraction & abstract symbols -Flexible & adaptable -Problem solving, develops hypotheses, test & conclude them -Moral, ethical, religious and social examination to determine self |
| Freud | Psychological development - difference experiences during stages influence personality traits -Believed basic character formed by 5 yrs -Organized personality structure into 3 components 1. Id 2. Ego 3. Superego |
| Freuds Five stages | Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, & Genital |
| Oral | Birth - 18 months Pessimism vs. Optimism Trust vs. Suspicion Dependency & oral gratification |
| Anal | 1- 3 yrs Llearning independence and control -Excretory functions & Self control (toilet training) Retentive vs. Overgenerous, Stubborn vs. Acquisition, Orderly vs. Messy |
| Phallic | 3 to 6 yrs - Sexual, aggressive feelings, & guilt Genital area focus – recognizing gender differences Brash vs. Bashful, Gaiety vs. Sad |
| Latency | 6 to 12 yrs Focus from egocentrism to group activities and group learning Intellectual and social growth |
| Genital (12 + y)— preparation for forming relationships and marriage | 12+ yrs Forming relationships & preparing for marriage |
| Erikson | Psychosocial approach - Social development & role of play |
| Birth - 18 mos (Erikson) | Infancy Trust vs. Mistrust |
| 18 mos - 3 years (Erikson) | Early Childhood Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt |
| 3-5 years (Erikson) | Late Childhood Initiative vs. Guilt |
| 5 - 12 years (Erikson) | School Age Industry vs. Inferiority |
| 12 - 18 years (Erikson) | Adolescence Identity vs. Role Confusion |
| 18 - 25 years (Erikson) | Young Adulthood Intimacy vs. Isolation |
| 25 - 60 years (Erikson) | Adulthood Generativity vs. Stagnation -Working years. Major task: Achieve life goals & considering the welfare of future generations. |
| 60 years to death (Erikson) | Late Adulthood Ego Integrity vs. Despair |
| Infancy | Trust: Affection, gratification, recognition; trust & hope - primary caregiver used for exploration vs. Mistrust: Withdrawn |
| Early Childhood | Autonomy: Cooperation, self-control & expression, expressive, develops will. vs. Shame & Doubt: Defiance, compulsive, overly compliant. |
| Late Childhood | Initiative: Realistic goals, evaluates self, exploration, imatation, imagination, tests reality, DEVELOPS PURPOSE & self-motivation. vs. Guilt: Jealousy, guilt, and denial. |
| School Age | Industry: Sense of duty, self confidence, performs real tasks, competence vs. Inferiority: School and social drop out, incompetant |
| Adolescence | Identity: Commitments, sense of self, role experimentation, sex & fidelity. vs. Role Confusion: Ambivalent, confused, indecisive; antisocial |
| Young Adulthood | Intimacy: Commits to love, work relationships- sustain mutual relationships vs. Isolation: Superficial, impersonal, biased |
| Adulthood | Generativity: Productive, creative, caring vs. Stagnation: Self indulgent |
| Late adulthood | Ego integrity: Appreciates past, present & future; self acceptance & worth vs. Despair: Loss of hope, purpose, & fears death |
| Mahler | Object relations: Process of separation of the infant from maternal/primary caregiver |
| The three object relation phases | Phase 1: Autism Phase 2: Symbiosis Phase 3: Separation- individuation |
| Birth to 1 month (Mahler) | Autism: |
| 1 to 5 months (Mahler) | Symbiosis |
| 5 to 36 months (Mahler) | Separation - individuation |
| Four sub phases of phase 3 (Mahler) | Differentiation, Practicing, Rapprochement, & Consolidation |
| 5 to 10 months (subphase of phase 3- Mahler) | Differentiation |
| 10 to 16 months (subphase of phase 3 Mahler) | Practicing |
| 16 to 24 months (subphase of phase 3 Mahler) | Rapprochement |
| 24 - 36 months (subphase of phase 3 Mahler) | Consolidation |
| Kohlberg | Moral Development |
| Three major levels of moral development | Preconventiional, Conventional, & Postconventional |
| Preconventional (Kohlberg) | 4 to 10 years |
| Conventional (Kohlberg) | 10-13 to adulthood |
| Postconventional (Kohlberg) |
Created by:
mwhalley
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