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SCIENCE SOL FINAL
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A plate boundary where the plates are moving apart. <-- --> | DIVERGENT Boundary |
| A plate boundary where the plates are COMING TOGETHER. --> <-- | CONVERGENT Boundary |
| A plate boundary where the plates are SLIDING PAST one another. | Transform boundary |
| How do bees make noise? | Their wings vibrate |
| Salt, water, and carbon dioxide are all: | compounds |
| How do we remember the order of the planets? | My Very Eager Mother Just Served Us Nachos |
| What is the function of the roots? | to anchor the plant into the ground and to absorb water and nutrients |
| What is the function of the flower? | to produce a seed so the plant can reproduce |
| Does electricity flow through an open or closed circuit? | closed |
| Which group of organisms breaks down dead organisms and recycles their nutrients back into the environment | decomposers |
| Direction and speed describe an objects: | MOTION |
| Lightning is a form of ____________________ electricity | Static |
| Which GAS is used by plants in the process of photosynthesis | carbon dioxide |
| Which planet is the biggest | Jupiter |
| Which planet is the smallest | Mercury |
| When a tree drops its leaves in the fall, it is: | dormant |
| Who came up with the modern idea that the sun was the center of the solar system | Galileo |
| If you can see through an object, but not clearly that object is: | translucent |
| Why do we have seasons on Earth? | the tilt of earth on its axis |
| In summer, the earth is: | tilted toward the sun |
| In winter, the earth is: | tilted away from the sun |
| a shaking of the Earth's crust caused by volcanic activity or from shifting rock beneath the surface | Earthquake |
| the theory that Earth's crust is broken into moving plate-like parts | Plate Tectonics |
| the slow movement of Earth's landmasses across the globe | continental drift |
| the center layer of the Earth | core |
| the thin, outer layer of the Earth | crust |
| the large middle section of the Earth made of molten rock | mantle |
| hot and melted | molten |
| Anything that takes up space and has mass | Matter |
| Measures the pull of gravity on an object | weight |
| whether or not something stretches | elasticity |
| how something feels (rough or smooth) | texture |
| how light reflects off of something | luster |
| how tightly or loosely packed matter is | density |
| state change from a liquid to a solid | freezing |
| state change from a solid to a liquid | melting |
| state change from a liquid to a gas with high heat | boiling |
| state change from a liquid to a gas without high heat | evaporation |
| state change from a gas to a liquid | condensation |
| the smallest bit of matter | atom |
| a combination of different ingredients like salad or trail mix | mixture |
| the amount of space an object takes up | volume |
| the amount of matter in an object | mass |
| a pure substance | element |
| two or more elements chemically bonded together to form a new substance | compound |
| the part of the atom with a postive (+) charge | proton |
| the part of the atom with a negative (-) charge | electron |
| the part of the atom with NO charge | neutron |
| the center part of the atom | nucleus |
| what two things do you find in the nucleus of an atom | protons and neutrons |
| what makes one element different from another | the number of protons it has |
| the simplest element with one proton and one electron | hydrogen |
| what two elements make up water | hydrogen and oxygen |
| what two elements make up salt | sodium and chlorine |
| salt and water are: | compounds |
| which element is a metal and a liquid | mercury |
| all the known elements are arranged in order in the: | periodic table |
| Which part of the atom is the smallest | electron |
| The small leaves that form around the developing flower are the: | sepals |
| Who invented the light bulb: | Thomas Edison |
| Which plant part takes in water and nutrients? | The roots |
| Which part supports the plant and allows the movement of water and nutrients? | The stem |
| Which plant part makes food for the plant? | the leaves |
| The seed forms in the female reproductive part of the flower called the | pistil |
| Pollen forms on the ends of the male reproductive parts of the flower called the: | stamen |
| Pollen is transferred from the stamen to the pistil in a process called: | pollination |
| Most plants reproduce with seeds, but ferns and mosses reproduce with: | spores |
| Green plants produce their own food in a process called: | photosynthesis |
| Plants are green because of: | chlorophyll |
| Many plants enter a period of ______ in the winter, which is similar to hibernation for animals. During this period most of their normal activities stop. | dormancy |
| An organism's _____ provides food, water, shelter and space. | habitat |
| All energy comes from _____ , and then cycles through the food webs to all of the animals in the community. | the sun |
| _______ get energy directly from the sun and use it to make food. | plants |
| Because plants produce their own food, they are called ___________ . | producers |
| Organisms that get their energy from eating plants or other animals are called: | consumers |
| All of the interrelated food chains in an ecosystem make up a: | food web |
| Food chains and food webs always start with a: | plant |
| The food chain starts with a producer (a plant) and ends with a: | decomposer |
| Decomposers like ______ break down organisms and recycle them back to the nutrient pool. | fungi |
| All of the living and nonliving things in an environment make up: | an ecosystem |
| the role an oraganism plays in its environment | niche |
| All organisms have _________ that allow it to survive in its environment | adaptations |
| Structural adaptations are __________ that help an organism survive, like long beaks, webbed feet, camouflage. | body parts |
| Behavioral adaptations are things that organisms do to survive. Examples of behavioral adaptations are: | migration, hibernation, instincts, etc |
| The measure of the amount of heat energy in the atmosphere is: | temperature |
| The amount of moisture in the air is: | humidity |
| The weight of the air causes: | air pressure |
| 26. Objects in motion have ______ energy. | kinetic |
| 27. Potential energy is ________ energy. | stored |
| 28. Due to the pull of gravity, the higher an object is off the ground, the more ____________ it has. | potential energy |
| 29. When I hold a ball in the air, it has potential energy. When I let go, the ball starts to fall. Potential energy changes to: | kinetic energy |
| Bioluminescent | living thing that gives off light |
| Hertz | measures frequency of sound |
| Decibel | measures sound intensity (volume) |
| H20 | water |
| C02 | carbon dioxide |
| NaCl | salt |
| water, carbon dioxide, salt | compounds |
| Galileo | telescope |
| cell's energy factory | mitochondria |
| jelly-like substance in the cell | cytoplasm |
| two things plant cell has that an animal cell does not | cell wall and chloroplast |
| lightning bugs, jelly fish, glow worms | bioluminescent organinisms |
| moss, liverworts, kelp | non-vascular plants |
| water and waste storage sacs in the cell | vacuole |
| mushrooms, mold, mildew, yeast | fungi |
| amoeba and paramecium | protists (kingdom protista) |
| Bacteria | monera |
| granite, pumice, basalt | igneous rocks |
| limestone, sandstone | sedimentary rocks |
| marble, slate, gneiss | metamorphic rock |
| tin foil is: | opaque |
| wax paper is: | transluscent |
| saran wrap is: | transparent |
| sound travels fastest through: | solids |
| sound travels slowest through: | gases |
| light we feel as heat | Infrared |
| light that gives us sunburn: | Ultraviolet |
| this instrument measures wind speed: | Anemometer |
| this instrument measures air pressure: | Barometer |
| this instrument measures moisture in the air: | Hygrometer |
| an important energy resource in Virginia | Coal |
| The food chain always starts with a plant and ends with a: | Decomposer |
| plants and phytoplankton supply our atmosphere with: | Oxygen |
| the female part of the plant | Pistil |
| the male part of the plant | Stamen |
| most plant reproduce with seeds, but ferns and mosses (and fungi) reproduce with: | Spores |
| 32 F = | freezing point |
| 212 F = | boiling point |
| the role an organism plays in its environment: | Niche |
| two objects rubbing together create: | Friction |
| energy of motion is: | kinetic motion |
| stored energy is: | potential energy |
| animals hibernate, plants go into: | dormancy |
| tides are caused by: | the gravity of the moon |
| waves are caused mainly by: | the wind |
| the warm water current that flows by the east coast of the United States: | the Gulf Stream current |
| Metals and water allow electricity to move easily through them, they are | conductors |
| glass, plastic, and rubber do not allow electricity to move easily though them, they are: | insulators |
| What are the most primitive, single-celled organisms called? | bacteria |
| What is the jelly-like substance inside the cell? | Cytoplasm |
| What gives support and protection to the plant cell? | Cell wall |
| What do you call the thin outer covering of a cell that allows certain materials in and out of the cell | cell membrane |
| What do you call the part of the plant cell where photosynthesis occurs? | chloroplast |
| What is the green pigment in plants called? | chlorophyll |
| What is the process by which plants make food using sunlight? | photosynthesis |
| What is the cells storage center called? | vacuole |
| What is the cells control center (brain) called? | Nucleus |
| What do you call the small structures inside a cell like the nucleus, vacuole, and mitochondria. | organelles |
| What are two things that a plant cell has that an animal cell does not? | cell wall and chloroplast |
| What do you call single-celled organisms that live in pond water? | protists or protozoa |
| What shape are most plant cells? | rectangular |
| What are the thread-like structures inside the nucleus that contain DNA | chromosomes |
| What type of cells do not have a nucleus | bacteria |
| The amount of energy in a sound, or the loudness of a sound | amplitude |
| How high or low a sound is; | pitch |
| Sound is a form of: | energy |
| Sound travels in: | waves |
| How fast something vibrates | frequency |
| The distance on a wave measured from crest to crest | wavelength |
| Sound travels slowest through: | gases |
| Sound travels fastest through: | solids |
| The pitch of a sound is closely related to: | frequency |
| High pitch = | high frequency |
| Low pitch = | low frequency |
| High amplitude = | loud sound |
| Low amplitude = | soft sound |
| A sounds frequency is measured in: | hertz |
| 10 hertz = | 10 vibrations per second |
| 100 hertz = | 100 vibrations per second |
| The lowest frequency that humans can hear is: | 20 hertz |
| The highest frequency that humans can hear is: | 20,000 hertz |
| A sounds loudness, or intensity, is measured in: | decibels |
| Humans feel pain at ____________ decibels | 120 |
| An unwanted sound: | noise |
| A reflected sound wave creates an: | echo |
| A place with NO matter, such as outer space | Vacuum |
| Bats and whales use _________________ to locate food that they cannot see | echolocation |
| Why do we see lightning before we hear thunder? | Light travels much faster than sound |
| How fast does sound travel through the air? | about 750 mph |
| Why does furniture, rugs, and carpet cut down echoes and noise in a house | Soft objects absorb sound |
| Which wave has more waves per second, a high frequency or low frequency sound | high frequency |
| Which wave is louder, a wave with a small amplitude or a high amplitude | high amplitude |
| Name several animals that can hear sounds with very high frequency | bats, dogs, cats, dolphin |
| Name an animal that can communicate with low frequency sounds? | elephant |
| The rapid back and forth movement of something | vibration |
| In order for sound to occur, something must: | vibrate |
| What is the thin membrane inside your ear that detects vibrations | eardrum |
| What are the oceans main PRODUCERS? | Algae & Phytoplankton |
| What is the river-like movement of water in the ocean called? | Current |
| What are the two main classifications of plants? | Vascular and non-vascular |
| Salt water and lemonade are examples of: | Solutions |
| Name a mixture: | Trail mix, salad, and Salsa |
| What is the control center of the cell? | nucleus |
| Name an instrument that measures mass | balance |
| Name a tool that measures volume | measuring cup, ruler, tape measure |
| What state of matter does sound travel the fastest through? | solid |
| The breaking down of rocks: | weathering |
| The carrying away of rocks and sediment: | erosion |
| What type of rock is formed from hardened lava? | igneous rock |
| Why does a pencil look broken if it is placed in a glass of water? | refraction |
| Water, carbon dioxide, and salt are all: | compounds |
| Hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and chlorine are all: | elements |
| Name two things plant cells have that animal cells do not: | chloroplasts and cell wall |
| Igneous rock comes from _______________ | cooled magma |
| Sedimentary rock forms in: | layers |
| Metamorphic rock has ____________ or bands of colors running through it. | streaks |
| What does morph mean? | change |
| What does ignite (igneous) mean? | fire |
| A sedimentary rock might have a __________ in it. | fossil |
| What type of rock is marble? | metamorphic |
| What type of rock is granite and basalt? | igneous |
| What type of rock is sandstone and limestone? | sedimentary |
| Metamorphic rock undergoes heat and _______________ | pressure |
| Sedimentary rock forms from weathering and ____________ | erosion |
| What causes most erosion on earth? | water |
| Besides water, what else causes erosion on earth? | wind, gravity, plant roots, animals |
| What is the "breaking down" of rock called? | weathering |
| What is the "carrying away" of rock called? | erosion |
| Mountains that are smooth and rounded over are: | old |
| Moutains that are sharp and jagged are: | young |
| Which igneous rock is found under most of the continents? | granite |
| Which igneous rock is found under most of the oceans? | basalt |
| Which rock type is formed in layers at the bottom of ocean? | sedimentary |
| Any solid that sinks to the bottom of a liquid is called: | sediment |
| What animal undergoes metamorphosis? | butterfly |
| The Great Lakes were created by: | glaciers |
| When the earth gets colder, glaciers _______________ toward the equator. | advance |
| When the earth gets warmer, glaciers _____________ toward the poles | retreat |
| What type of valleys do glaciers carve? | u shaped |
| What type of valleys do rivers carve? | v shaped |
| What type of glaciers are found in the high mountains? | alpine |
| What forms in areas where more snow falls than melts? | glaciers |
| What forms when a large chunk of ice breaks off of a continental glacier and falls into the ocean? | iceberg |
| During the last _____ ________ glaciers covered much of North America. | ice age |
| When a stalactite and stalagmite meet, they form a: | column |
| What cave formation hangs from the ceiling: | stalactite |
| When columns form together, they form a: | curtain |
| What rock has to be present for caves and caverns to form? | limestone |
| What dissolve limestone? | carbonic acid |
| What cave formation grows from the ground up? | stalagmite |
| If the ground above a cave or cavern collapses, what is formed? | sinkhole |
| The words "LITHOS" come from the Greek word for: | rock |
| The process of "squeezing" sediment together tightly to form sedimentary rock | compaction |
| The process after weathering and erosion when sediment comes to rest in a certain place: | deposition |
| Light travels in straight paths called: | rays |
| How do we remember the colors of the visible spectrum? | ROY G BIV |
| Which color in the visible spectrum has the longest wavelength? | Red |
| Which color in the visible spectrum has the shortest wavelength? | Violet |
| How fast does light travel? | 186,000 miles per second |
| When light bounces off an object it is: | reflected |
| When light is bent, it is: | refracted |
| When light is absorbed by an object it is turned to: | heat |
| When light travels through an object it is: | transmitted |
| A lens or mirror that is thicker in the middle and thinner at the edges | convex |
| A lens or mirror that is thinner in the middle and thicker at the edges | concave |
| Dark colored clothing will ___________ light and turn it into ____________ | absorb ; heat |
| Light colored clothing will ___________ light and help keep you _____________ | reflect ; cool |
| When light hits an object and is stopped, it is: | absorbed |
| Aluminum foil is: | opaque |
| Wax paper is: | translucent |
| Saran Wrap is: | transparent |
| A piece of glass shaped like a triangular prism that refracts light and separates it into the colors of the rainbow (ROY G BIV) | prism |
| Anything that has mass and takes up space | matter |
| the state of matter with a no definite shape, but a definite volume | liquid |
| which two states of matter take the shape of their container | liquid and gas |
| what are the building blocks of matter | atoms |
| what part of the atom has a positive (+) charge | proton |
| what part of the atom has a negative (-) charge | electron |
| what part of the atom has a neutral (0) charge | neutron |
| where do you find the protons and neutrons | nucleus |
| what do you find spinning around the nucleus | electrons |
| what is H20 | water |
| what is C02 | carbon dioxide |
| which state of matter has the least energy | solid |
| which state of matter can you compress (squeeze into smaller spaces) | gas |
| what increases when you compress a gas | pressure |
| you can change the state of matter by adding or taking away: | heat |
| The building blocks of life | cells |
| The cell's "power plant" | mitochondria |
| The "brain" or control center of the cell | nucleus |
| The thin outer covering of the cell | cell membrane |
| The part of the plant cell where photosynthesis takes place | chloroplast |
| What are two things that a plant cell has that an animal cell does not | cell wall and chloroplast |
| What are the most primitive, single-celled organisms called? | bacteria |
| What is the jelly-like substance inside the cell? | Cytoplasm |
| What gives support and protection to the plant cell? | Cell wall |
| What do you call the thin outer covering of a cell that allows certain materials in and out of the cell | cell membrane |
| What do you call the part of the plant cell where photosynthesis occurs? | chloroplast |
| What is the green pigment in plants called? | chlorophyll |
| What is the process by which plants make food using sunlight? | photosynthesis |
| What is the cells storage center called? | vacuole |
| What is the cells control center (brain) called? | Nucleus |
| What do you call the small structures inside a cell like the nucleus, vacuole, and mitochondria | organelles |
| What do you call single-celled organisms that live in pond water? | protists |
| What shape are most plant cells? | rectangular |
| What are the thread-like structures inside the nucleus that contain DNA | chromosomes |
| What type of cells do not have a nucleus | bacteria |
| a major body of salt water | ocean |
| the amount of Earth's water found in the oceans | Ninety seven percent |
| the amount of Earths surface covered by water | Three fourths |
| water containing only a tiny amount of salt | fresh water |
| water containing many dissolved salts; the most abundant type of water found on Earth | salt water |
| One of the largest estuaries in the United States located off the coast of Virginia | Chesapeake Bay |
| describes a mixture of salt and fresh water | brackish |
| a partly enclosed coastal body of water where salt and fresh water meet. They are called the "nurseries of the sea" | estuary |
| a low-lying area of land regularly flooded by salt water at high tide | salt marsh |
| the high point on a wave | crest |
| the regular rise and fall of ocean water caused by the gravitational puil of the moon and sun | tide |
| the low point on a wave | trough |
| a wave, produced by an earthquake on or near the ocean floor, which builds up to great heights as it moves into shallow water | tsunami |
| a disturbance, often caused by wind, seen on the surface of water | wave |
| the river-like movement of water in the ocean | current |
| a warm water current that travels by the east coast of the U.S. and crosses the Atlantic moving towards Europe | Gulf stream current |
| the saltiness of water | salinity |
| a small submarine used by scientists to study the deep | Submersible |
| a living thing that gives off light | bioluminescent |
| tiny algae and animals that float in water and are carried by waves and currents | plankton |
| the flat, shallow part of the ocean floor near the coast. | continental shelf |
| What increases as you dive deeper into the ocean | Water pressure |
| What decreases as you dive deeper into the ocean | temperature, light, life |
| the deepest part of the ocean | trench |
| the steep drop-off from the continental shelf to the deep part of the ocean | continental slope |
| What are the plant-like plankton called: | phytoplankton |
| What are the animal-like plankton called: | Zooplankton |
| The small leaves that form around the developing flower are the: | sepals |
| Who invented the light bulb: | Thomas Edison |
| Which plant part takes in water and nutrients? | roots |
| Which part supports the plant and allows the movement of water and nutrients? | stem |
| Which plant part makes food for the plant? | leaves |
| The seed forms in the female reproductive part of the flower called the | pistil |
| Pollen forms on the ends of the male reproductive parts of the flower called the: | stamen |
| Most plants reproduce with seeds, but ferns and mosses reproduce with: | spores |
| Green plants produce their own food in a process called: | photosynthesis |
| Plants are green because of: | chlorophyll |
| Many plants enter a period of ______ in the winter, which is similar to hibernation for animals. During this period most of their normal activities stop. | dormancy |
| An organism's _____ provides food, water, shelter and space. | habitat |
| All energy comes from the_____ , and then cycles through the food webs to all of the animals in the community. | sun |
| _______ get energy directly from the sun and use it to make food. | plants |
| Because plants produce their own food, they are called ___________ . | producers |
| Organisms that get their energy from eating plants or other animals are called: | consumers |
| All of the interrelated food chains in an ecosystem make up a: | food web |
| Food chains and food webs always start with a: | plant |
| The food chain starts with a producer (a plant) and ends with a: | decomposer |
| Decomposers like ______ break down organisms and recycle them back to the nutrient pool. | fungi |
| All of the living and nonliving things in an environment make up an: | ecosystem |
| the role an oraganism plays in its environment | niche |
| All organisms have _________ that allow it to survive in its environment | adaptations |
| Structural adaptations are __________ that help an organism survive, like long beaks, webbed feet, camouflage. | body parts |
| Behavioral adaptations are things that organisms do to survive. Two examples of behavioral adaptations are: | Migration and hibernation |
| The measure of the amount of heat energy in the atmosphere is: | temperature |
| The amount of moisture in the air is: | humidity |
| The weight of the air causes: | air pressure |
| Objects in motion have ______ energy. | kinetic |
| Potential energy is ________ energy. | stored |
| Due to the pull of gravity, the higher an object is off the ground, the more ____________ it has. | potential energy |
| When I hold a ball in the air, it has potential energy. When I let go, the ball starts to fall. Potential energy changes to: | kinetic energy |
| Potential energy is ________ energy. | stored |
| There are many forms of energy. Energy caused by the movement of electrons is: | energy |
| Energy stored in food, batteries and fossil fuels like coal and gasoline is: | chemical energy |
| Energy in moving or spinning objects like gears, car wheels, or joggers, is _______ energy: | mechanical |
| Two objects rubbing together create: | friction |
| Friction resists or stops motion, and creates: | heat |
| Unless acted on by a force, objects in motion tend to stay in motion and objects at rest remain at rest. This is the principal of: | inertia |
| Which will light a bulb, an open or closed circuit? | closed circuit |
| If your string of holiday lights goes dark when one little bulb burns out, the string of lights is a: | series circuit |
| This circuit has more than one pathway for the flow of electrical current. If one bulb burns the others will remain lit. It is a: | Parallel circuit |
| Electrical energy moves easily through materials that are | conductors |
| Wires are usual made from ____ because it conducts electricity well. | metal |
| Material like rubber, plastic and wood do not conduct electricity well. They are: | insulators |
| Magnetism and _______ are very closely related. | electricity |
| An electric current creates a magnetic field, and a magnetic field creates an _________ | electric current |
| If you wrap wire around a nail and run electricity through the wire, you have created an: | electromagnet |
| If you rub your feet on the carpet, or rub a balloon on a wool sweater, you may create: | static electricity |
| Static electricity occurs when negatively charged _____ are rubbed off of one surface and on to another. | electrons |
| Pollen is transferred from the stamen to the pistil in a process called: | pollination |
| Most plants reproduce with seeds, but ferns and mosses reproduce with: | spores |
| Green plants produce their own food in a process called: | photosynthesis |
| Plants are green because of: | chlorophyll |
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MrLittle5
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