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Cell Cycle
varioius phases of cell cycle and definitions
Term | Definition |
---|---|
The Cell Cycle | a regular sequence of growth and division that cells go through; allows you to regenerate tissue and grow |
Interphase | the longest part of the Cell Cycle, where the cell grows it its full size, DNA replicates (doubles) they spend 90% of the Cell Cycle in Interphase |
Mitosis | the division of the nucleus; broken into 4 parts: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase |
Prophase | the first part of Mitosis; chromatin condenses (coils) into chromosomes, the nuclear membrane disappears, and spindle fibers form |
Metaphase | the second part of Mitosis; spindle fibers attach to centromeres and chromosomes line up down the middle of the cell |
Anaphase | the third part of Mitosis; spindle fibers that were attached to the centromeres pull apart the sister chromatids; other spindle fibers stretch the cell |
Telophase | the last part of Mitosis; the nuclear membrane reforms within each newly-formed daughter cell, chromatids uncoil into chromatin, and Cytokinesis begins |
Cytokinesis | the division of the cytoplasm; begins during Telophase; for animal cells, a furrow forms that bundles the spindle fibers into a stem body that is pinched in two when the cell is pinched in two daughter cells |
Chromosome | A tightly coiled form of DNA found during Mitosis |
Chromatid | ½ of a chromosome |
furrow | the segment of an animal cell that results from the pinching in of the parent cell during Cytokinesis |
stem body | the bundle of spindle fibers that is created by the furrow during Cytokinesis in animal cells |
vesicle | a temporary organelle in plant cell Cytokinesis that contains cell wall and cell membrane material |
cell plate | the result of vesicles fusing together in plant cell Cytokinesis |