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Carnegie ECG
Test One
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What describes the ability of the heart to initiate its own impulse? | Automaticity |
| What describes the ability of the heart to respond to an impulse? | Excitability |
| What is the rate of automaticity of the AV node? | 40-60 |
| What is the rate of automaticity of the His-Purkinje fibers? | 20-40 |
| Which phase is depolarization? | Phase 0 |
| Which ion causes depolarization in the muscle cell? | Na+ |
| What ion causes depolarization in the pacemaker cell? | Ca2+ |
| Each heartbeat is initiated by a current originated where? | SA node |
| The Mechanical contraction of the ventricles is a direct effect of ventricular _______ | depolarization |
| The neurotransmitter for the sympathetic nervous system is ________ | epinephrine |
| The neurotransmitter for the parasympathetic nervous is ________ | Acetylcholine |
| The rate of automaticity for the sinus node is ____ | 60-100 |
| T or F; Mechanical events are caused by electrical events | True |
| T or F; Potassium is the repolarizing ion | True |
| T or F; Potassium is the depolarizing ion | False |
| T or F; The sinus node is the dominate pacemaker because it is the fastest | True |
| Tor F Acetylchoine increases heart rate, conduction and contractility | False |
| What electrical activity happens during the P-wave | Atrial depolarization |
| What electrical activity happens during the P-R segment | Delay through the AV node, bundle of His, bundle branches and Purkinjie fibers |
| What electrical activity happens during the P-R interval | Atrial depolarization and delay through the AV node, bundle of His, bundle branches and Purkinjie fibers |
| What electrical activity happens during the QRS complex | Ventricular depolarization |
| What electrical activity happens during the ST segment | Ventricular reploarization |
| What electrical activity happens during the T wave | Ventricular repolarization |
| Define Contractility | The ability of the heart muscle cells to shorten in response to an electrical stimulus |
| Define Depolarization | An electrical current that initiates the contraction of the heart muscle |
| Define Repolarization | The heart muscle cells return to their resting electrical state the heart muscles relax |
| Define Conductivity/Propogate | the ability of the heart cells to receive and transmit an electrical impulse |
| Define Excitability | The ability of the heart muscle cells to respond to an impulse or stimulus |
| What is cardiac output? | How much blood the heart pumps/min HR x SV= CO |
| What is the blood flow? | VC-RA-TV-RV-PV-PA-Lungs-PV-LA-MV-LV-AV-Aorta-Body |
| What is systole? | The contraction of the ventricles (top of fraction 140/90) |
| What is diastole? | The relaxation of the ventricles (bottom of fraction 140/90) |
| What is Phase 0? | Depolarization, Threshold Membrane Potential (TMP) -60/-70mV |
| What is Action Membrane Potential | Stimulus to open other channels, +30/+40 mV |
| What is Resting Membrane Potential | -80/-90 mV (no movement) |
| What happens in phases 1,2,3 | Repolarization, Potassium goes out of the cell |
| What happens during the end of Phase 3 beginning of phase 4 | Sodium/Potassium Pump |
| What is the "All or None" principle? | Anything less than +30mV will not be enough electrical stimulus to make the muscle contact |
| What is pulseless electrical activity? | No pulse, but electrical current |
| What is the normal rate for the AV node? | 60-100x/min |
| What is the normal rate for the SA node? | 40-60x/min |
| What is the normal rate for the HIS/BB/PF? | 20-40x/min |
Created by:
ICVT55
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