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Ch. 7
Changes over time
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What were Darwin's important obervations? | diversity of organisms, remains of ancient organisms, characteristics of Galapagos organisms |
| Species | a group of similar organisms that can mate and produce offspring |
| Fossil | the preserved remains or traces of an organism |
| Adaptation | a trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce |
| Evolution | the gradual change in a species over time |
| Scientific theory | a well-tested concept that explains a wide range of observations |
| Natural selection | survival of the fittest.individuals that are better adapted to the environment are more likely to survive. |
| Variation | a difference between individuals of the same species |
| Give evidence of how organisms have changed over time | similar body structures, patterns of early development, molecular structure, and fossils |
| Comparitive anatomy | the comparison of the structures of different organisms |
| Homologous structures | similar structures that related species have inherited from a common ancesto |
| How do fossils form? | most form when organisms that die become buried in sediments |
| Petrified fossils | fossils in which minerals replace all or part of an organism |
| Trace fossils | a type of fossil that provides evidence of that activities of ancient organisms |
| What are examples of trace fossils? | footprints, animal trails and burrows |
| Paleontologist | a scientist who studies fossils |
| gradualism | a theory that proposes that evolution occurs slowly but steadily |
| Punctutated equilibria | the theory that species evolve during short periods of rapid time |
| Habitat | the specific environment that provdes the things an organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce |
| What are three ways that isolation can occur? | rivers, volcanoes, mountain ranges, and or waves |
| Extinction | the disapperance of all members of a species from Earth |
| Classification | the process of grouping things based on their similarities |
| taxonomy | the scientific study of how living things are classified |
Created by:
Kusutasd
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