The breaking down of big rocks to small rocks; such as from mountain to sand.

How are clastic sedimentary rocks formed?

Compaction and cementation of rock fragments formed through the weathering process.

Where does weathering of rock take place?

At or near Earth's surface where rock is effected by water, the sun, and biological and chemical factors.

Explain chemical weathering.

The break down process in which the product (soil) is different from the parent material.

List two examples of chemical weathering.

Acid rain, and rust (oxidation of a metal). Acid rain eats away at calcite and forms caves and sink holes.

Discuss physical weathering.

The break down of rock where the product (soil) is the same as the parent material.

List two examples of physical weathering.

Frost action, and abrasion of rock during sediment transport by running water or gravity.

Where in the world is chemical weathering abundant?

The tropics where the temperature is high and water is abundant to aid in chemical reactions.

Where in the world is physical weathering abundant

In the mountains where the air temperature frequently rises above then falls below freezing, and water is abundant. Frost action is common, as is root action.

How does surface area effect the rate of weathering?

Greater surface area, faster rate of weathering. *see figure 9-3.

Name two factors that also determine how rapidly rock weathers.

Bed rock composition, and climate.

Compare residual soil with transported soil.

Residual soil was formed and lives where it was formed so the soil matches up with the underlying bedrock. Transported soil was formed elsewhere and will not match up well with the underlying bedrock. Most soil is transported.

List the two agents of erosion that have transported much of the soil found in New York State.

Glaciers and running water including the Hudson River and other major rivers.

How can one identify an immature vs. mature soil horizon?

Immature soil horizon has few defined layers while a mature soil horizon has several distinct layers including bed rock and top soil or humus which contains organic material and makes for rich soil for farming.

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Topic 9: Weathering

Pages (182-185)

Question	Answer
Define weathering:	The breaking down of big rocks to small rocks; such as from mountain to sand.
How are clastic sedimentary rocks formed?	Compaction and cementation of rock fragments formed through the weathering process.
Where does weathering of rock take place?	At or near Earth's surface where rock is effected by water, the sun, and biological and chemical factors.
Explain chemical weathering.	The break down process in which the product (soil) is different from the parent material.
List two examples of chemical weathering.	Acid rain, and rust (oxidation of a metal). Acid rain eats away at calcite and forms caves and sink holes.
Discuss physical weathering.	The break down of rock where the product (soil) is the same as the parent material.
List two examples of physical weathering.	Frost action, and abrasion of rock during sediment transport by running water or gravity.
Where in the world is chemical weathering abundant?	The tropics where the temperature is high and water is abundant to aid in chemical reactions.
Where in the world is physical weathering abundant	In the mountains where the air temperature frequently rises above then falls below freezing, and water is abundant. Frost action is common, as is root action.
How does surface area effect the rate of weathering?	Greater surface area, faster rate of weathering. *see figure 9-3.
Name two factors that also determine how rapidly rock weathers.	Bed rock composition, and climate.
Name the product of weathering.	Soil formation.
Compare residual soil with transported soil.	Residual soil was formed and lives where it was formed so the soil matches up with the underlying bedrock. Transported soil was formed elsewhere and will not match up well with the underlying bedrock. Most soil is transported.
List the two agents of erosion that have transported much of the soil found in New York State.	Glaciers and running water including the Hudson River and other major rivers.
How can one identify an immature vs. mature soil horizon?	Immature soil horizon has few defined layers while a mature soil horizon has several distinct layers including bed rock and top soil or humus which contains organic material and makes for rich soil for farming.

Created by: whearn

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