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SLS Bio11 MicrobioCF
SLS Bio11 Microbiology CF
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Antibody | A blood protein produced to counter an antigen. |
| Antigen | A foreign substance instigating an immune response within the body. |
| DNA | A self-replicating carrier of genetic material; the main constituent of chromosomes. |
| Host Cell | A living wherein a virus multiplies. |
| Lymphocyte | A white blood cell with a single round nucleus. |
| Lysogenic Cycle | One of two cycles of viral reproduction, characterized by the insertion of the virus' genetic material into the host's genome |
| Lytic Cycle | One of two cycles of viral reproduction, characterized by the eventual destruction of the infected cell. |
| Membranous Envelope | The double-layered membrane encasing a eukaryotic cell. |
| Mucous Membrane | An epithelial membrane that secretes mucous. |
| Nucleic Acid Core | A core of acids containing genetic instructions for viral activity and reproduction. |
| Phagocytic White Blood Cell | White blood cells that neutralize harmful foreign substances through ingestion. |
| Primary Line of Defence | Includes natural non-specific defences such as skin, chemicals, and mucous membranes. |
| Protein Capsid | The protein shell of a virus. |
| RNA | A nucleic messenger acid who function is to carry instructions from DNA for protein synthesis. |
| Secondary Line of Defence | The internal defences of the body including antibody generation. |
| Tertiary Line of Defence | Includes self-antigen determination and specific antibody production. |
| Viral Specificity | The tendency of a virus to be selective in the organisms it affects. |
| White Blood Cell | The less technical term for a leukocyte, and is involved in counteracting disease and foreign substances. |
| Aerobic Respiration | The process used by most organisms to process food energy. |
| Antibiotic | A medicine restricting or destroying the growth of microorganisms. |
| Antiseptic | Denoting the prevention of growth of disease-causing microorganisms. |
| Bacteria | A large group of unicellular microorganisms that may spread disease. |
| Binary Fission | A form of asexual reproduction most common in prokaryotes. |
| Classification | The process of classifying something based on its properties or characteristics. |
| Conjugation | The process through which one bacterium transfers genetic material to another through contact. |
| Disinfectant | A chemically-based liquid that destroys bacterial colonies. |
| Ecological Role | The placement of an organism in a hierarchy of interactions between it and other organisms. |
| Fermentation | The chemical breakdown of a substance through microorganisms. |
| Motility | The characteristic of being able to move actively and/or spontaneously. |
| Mutation | An alteration in a genome's structure, usually resulting in an unprecedented variant form. |
| Photosynthesis | The process through which some plants utilize sunlight to synthesize food products from water and carbon dioxide. |
| Prokaryote | A microscopic unicellular organism with no clear nucleus. |
| Resistance | A lack of sensitivity to a drug as the result of prolonged exposure or continuous genetic change. |
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CFourie
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